---
title: spikenard — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «spikenard» in the Judaism dictionary: A sweet-smelling oil or perfume made from the root of a plant from the Himalayan mountains. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# spikenard

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** king, spikenard, shoots · **What happens:** smell, make, sit, send, be · **To what, where:** perfume, root, table, fragrance, park

<!-- .vabout -->
«spikenard» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [spikenard in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/spikenard.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sweet-smelling oil or perfume made from the root of a plant from the Himalayan mountains.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spikenard:m1:1
# text = A sweet-smelling oil or perfume made from the root of a plant from the Himalayan mountains.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	smelling	smell	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	amod	_	_
5	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	perfume	perfume	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	root	root	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
15	from	from	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	Himalayan	Himalayan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smell** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn smell\_emission-43.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | perfume *not said here* |  | the root of a plant from the Himalayan mountains |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from root=Material |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
While the king sat at his table, my spikenard sent forth its fragrance. (Writings SNG.1.12, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* While the king sat at his table, my spikenard sent forth its fragrance.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spikenard:x1:1
# text = While the king sat at his table, my spikenard sent forth its fragrance.
1	While	while	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	spikenard	spikenard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	_
11	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
12	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
13	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	fragrance	fragrance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past | the king |  |  | king's table |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at table=Location |
| 2 | **send** | participle | my spikenard *not said here* | spikenard's fragrance |  |  |  | forth *property* | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fragrance=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings SNG.1.12, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spikenard:x1:2
# text = (Writings SNG.1.12, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	SNG.1.12	SNG.1.12	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thy shoots are a park of pomegranates, with precious fruits; henna with spikenard plants, (Writings SNG.4.13, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spikenard:x2:1
# text = Thy shoots are a park of pomegranates, with precious fruits; henna with spikenard plants, (Writings SNG.4.13, JPS 1917)
1	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	shoots	shoot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	pomegranates	pomegranate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	precious	precious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	fruits	fruit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
13	henna	henna	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	spikenard	spikenard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	_
20	SNG.4.13	SNG.4.13	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	flat	_	_
23	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	20	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Thy shoots | a park and precious fruits and henna with spikenard plants and Writings |  |  |  | of pomegranates | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Spikenard and saffron, calamus and cinnamon, with all trees of frankincense; myrrh and aloes, with all the chief spices. (Writings SNG.4.14, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Spikenard and saffron, calamus and cinnamon, with all trees of frankincense; myrrh and aloes, with all the chief spices.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spikenard:x3:1
# text = Spikenard and saffron, calamus and cinnamon, with all trees of frankincense; myrrh and aloes, with all the chief spices.
1	Spikenard	Spikenard	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	saffron	saffron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	calamus	calamus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	cinnamon	cinnamon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	det	_	_
11	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	frankincense	frankincense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
15	myrrh	myrrh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	aloes	aloe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
19	with	with	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
20	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	23	det:predet	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	chief	chief	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	spices	spice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings SNG.4.14, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spikenard:x3:2
# text = (Writings SNG.4.14, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	SNG.4.14	SNG.4.14	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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