---
title: spoil — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «spoil» in the Judaism dictionary: To spoil something means to ruin it or make it worse. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# spoil

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Food, they, Spoil, cattle, sons, he · **What happens:** spoil, mean, ruin, make, go, be · **To what, where:** something, it, child, everything, them, someone · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«spoil» in the Judaism dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 15 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [spoil in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/spoil.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To spoil something means to ruin it or make it worse.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spoil:m1:1
# text = To spoil something means to ruin it or make it worse.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	spoil	spoil	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	csubj	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	ruin	ruin	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	worse	bad	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spoil** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **ruin** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | it |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 4 | **make** | infinitive |  | it |  |  |  | bad *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Food spoils when it goes bad and is no longer safe to eat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spoil:m2:1
# text = Food spoils when it goes bad and is no longer safe to eat.
1	Food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spoils	spoil	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	5	mark	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
6	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
9	no	no	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	longer	long	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	11	advmod	_	_
11	safe	safe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spoil** | present | Food |  |  |  |  |  | vn entity\_specific\_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **go** | present | Food |  |  |  |  | bad *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | present | Food *not said here* |  |  |  |  | long, safe *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **eat** | to-infinitive | Food *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To spoil a child means to give them everything they want, so they may expect too much.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spoil:m3:1
# text = To spoil a child means to give them everything they want, so they may expect too much.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	spoil	spoil	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	ccomp	_	_
8	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	iobj	_	_
9	everything	everything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	7	obj	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	want	want	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	so	so	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
14	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
15	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	expect	expect	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
17	too	too	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	much	much	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spoil** | to-infinitive |  | a child |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **give** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | everything | them *= they* |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient everything=Theme |
| 4 | **want** | present | they |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |
| 5 | **expect** | may | they |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To spoil also means to treat someone kindly in a special way.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spoil:m4:1
# text = To spoil also means to treat someone kindly in a special way.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	spoil	spoil	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	csubj	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	treat	treat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	obj	_	_
8	kindly	kindly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	special	special	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spoil** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn entity\_specific\_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **treat** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  | someone | a special way |  | kindly *property* | vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent someone=Recipient |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Spoil can also mean goods taken by force, such as loot after a battle or raid.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spoil:m5:1
# text = Spoil can also mean goods taken by force, such as loot after a battle or raid.
1	Spoil	spoil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	goods	goods	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	4	obj	_	_
6	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	xcomp	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	force	force	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	12	case	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	loot	loot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
13	after	after	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	raid	raid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Spoil | goods |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **take** *not said to happen* | participle | Spoil *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by force | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And they took all the spoil, and all the prey, both of man and of beast. (Torah NUM.31.11, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And they took all the spoil, and all the prey, both of man and of beast.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spoil:x1:1
# text = And they took all the spoil, and all the prey, both of man and of beast.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	6	det:predet	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	spoil	spoil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	11	det:predet	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	prey	prey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	nmod	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	beast	beast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | they | all spoil |  |  |  | all prey  both *obl* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spoil=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah NUM.31.11, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spoil:x1:2
# text = (Torah NUM.31.11, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	NUM.31.11	NUM.31.11	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But all the cattle, and the spoil of the cities, we took for a prey unto ourselves. (Torah DEU.3.7, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* But all the cattle, and the spoil of the cities, we took for a prey unto ourselves.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spoil:x2:1
# text = But all the cattle, and the spoil of the cities, we took for a prey unto ourselves.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
2	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	4	det:predet	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	cattle	cattle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	spoil	spoil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
13	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
15	for	for	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	prey	prey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
18	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	ourselves	ourselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | all cattle |  |  |  |  | for a prey; unto ourselves | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for prey=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **spoil** |  |  | the cities |  |  |  |  | nom spoil «possession transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah DEU.3.7, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spoil:x2:2
# text = (Torah DEU.3.7, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	DEU.3.7	DEU.3.7	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sons of Jacob came upon the slain, and spoiled the city, because they had defiled their sister. (Torah GEN.34.27, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The sons of Jacob came upon the slain, and spoiled the city, because they had defiled their sister.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spoil:x3:1
# text = The sons of Jacob came upon the slain, and spoiled the city, because they had defiled their sister.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Jacob	Jacob	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	slain	slain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	spoiled	spoil	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
16	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	defiled	defile	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	11	conj	_	_
19	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the sons of Jacob |  |  | the slain |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon slain=Location |
| 2 | **spoil** | past |  | the city |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **defile** | past · perfect | sons *= son* | sons's sister |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.34.27, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spoil:x3:2
# text = (Torah GEN.34.27, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.34.27	GEN.34.27	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hark! a cry from Horonaim, spoiling and great destruction! (Prophets JER.48.3, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Hark! a cry from Horonaim, spoiling and great destruction!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spoil:x4:1
# text = Hark! a cry from Horonaim, spoiling and great destruction!
1	Hark	Hark	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	cry	cry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Horonaim	Horonaim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	spoiling	spoil	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	destruction	destruction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spoil** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn entity\_specific\_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JER.48.3, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spoil:x4:2
# text = (Prophets JER.48.3, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JER.48.3	JER.48.3	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
'Are they not finding, are they not dividing the spoil? (Prophets JDG.5.30, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* 'Are they not finding, are they not dividing the spoil?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spoil:x5:1
# text = 'Are they not finding, are they not dividing the spoil?
1	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	finding	find	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	dividing	divide	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	spoil	spoil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **find** | present · progressive | they |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **divide** | present · progressive | they | the spoil |  |  |  |  | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spoil=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JDG.5.30, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spoil:x5:2
# text = (Prophets JDG.5.30, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JDG.5.30	JDG.5.30	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And he brought forth the spoil of the city, exceeding much. (Prophets 2SA.12.30, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And he brought forth the spoil of the city, exceeding much.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spoil:x6:1
# text = And he brought forth the spoil of the city, exceeding much.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	spoil	spoil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	exceeding	exceed	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
12	much	much	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | past | he | the spoil of the city |  |  |  | forth *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent spoil=Theme |
| 2 | **exceed** | gerund | he *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 3 | **spoil** |  |  | the city |  |  |  |  | nom spoil «possession transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets 2SA.12.30, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spoil:x6:2
# text = (Prophets 2SA.12.30, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	2SA.12.30	2SA.12.30	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rain spoiled our picnic.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spoil:x7:1
# text = The rain spoiled our picnic.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spoiled	spoil	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	picnic	picnic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spoil** | past | the rain | our picnic |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't tell me the ending, you'll spoil it!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spoil:x8:1
# text = Don't tell me the ending, you'll spoil it!
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	tell	tell	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	ending	ending	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	'll	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	spoil	spoil	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **tell** *speech: assert* | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | the ending | me |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient ending=Topic |
| 2 | **spoil** | future | you | ending |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Milk spoils quickly if you leave it in the sun.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spoil:x9:1
# text = Milk spoils quickly if you leave it in the sun.
1	Milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spoils	spoil	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	leave	leave	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	sun.	sun.	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spoil** | present | Milk |  |  |  |  | quickly *property* | vn entity\_specific\_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **leave** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | you | Milk |  | the sun. |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent it=Theme in sun.=Location |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His grandparents spoil him with sweets.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spoil:x10:1
# text = His grandparents spoil him with sweets.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	grandparents	grandparent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spoil	spoil	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	sweets	sweet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spoil** | present | His grandparents | him *= he* |  |  |  | with sweets | tree rules |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't be a spoilsport; come and play.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spoil:x11:1
# text = Don't be a spoilsport; come and play.
1	Do	do	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	spoilsport	spoilsport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
7	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	parataxis	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	play	play	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **is a** | infinitive |  | a spoilsport |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **come** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **play** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
One mean comment spoiled her day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spoil:x12:1
# text = One mean comment spoiled her day.
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
2	mean	mean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	comment	comment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	spoiled	spoil	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spoil** | past | One mean comment |  |  |  | day |  | vn entity\_specific\_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Throw away food that has spoiled.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spoil:x13:1
# text = Throw away food that has spoiled.
1	Throw	throw	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	away	away	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	spoiled	spoil	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **throw away** | imperative | you *not said here* | food |  |  |  | away *property* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Theme |
| 2 | **spoil** | present · perfect · passive |  | food |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum spoiled us with pancakes on Sunday.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spoil:x14:1
# text = Mum spoiled us with pancakes on Sunday.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spoiled	spoil	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	pancakes	pancake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Sunday	Sunday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spoil** | past | Mum | us |  |  |  | with pancakes on Sunday | tree rules |

## Example 15 {#x15}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Ass was asked to divide the spoil.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spoil:x15:1
# text = The Ass was asked to divide the spoil.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Ass	Ass	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	asked	ask	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	divide	divide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	spoil	spoil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past · passive |  | the Ass |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S\_INF»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **divide** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the Ass *not said here* | the spoil |  |  |  |  | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spoil=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [split](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/S/split/)
- next →: [spoiler](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/S/spoiler/)
- ↑ back to [S in Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/S/)