---
title: spreading — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «spreading» in the Judaism dictionary: Covering a surface with a thin layer of something soft, like spreading butter on toast. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# spreading

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** full size, bird, fire, I, tree, She · **What happens:** cover, spread, open out, spread out, get, reach · **To what, where:** surface, butter, toast, something, map, wings · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«spreading» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 12 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [spreading in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/spreading.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Covering a surface with a thin layer of something soft, like spreading butter on toast.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spreading:m1:1
# text = Covering a surface with a thin layer of something soft, like spreading butter on toast.
1	Covering	cover	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	thin	thin	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	layer	layer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	nmod	_	_
10	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	like	like	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
13	spreading	spread	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
14	butter	butter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
15	on	on	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	toast	toast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | gerund |  | a surface |  |  |  | with a thin layer of something | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent surface=Destination with layer=Theme |
| 2 | **spread** | gerund |  | butter |  | toast |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent butter=Theme on toast=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Opening something out to its full size: spreading out a map, a bird spreading its wings.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spreading:m2:1
# text = Opening something out to its full size: spreading out a map, a bird spreading its wings.
1	Opening	open	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	csubj	_	_
2	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	obj	_	_
3	out	out	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	size	size	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
9	spreading	spread	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	acl	_	_
10	out	out	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	map	map	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
16	spreading	spread	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	acl	_	_
17	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	wings	wing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **open out** | gerund |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location something=Theme |
| 2 | **spread out** | gerund | its full size and a bird *not said here* | a map |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location map=Theme |
| 3 | **spread** | gerund | a bird *not said here* | bird's wings |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location wing=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Getting bigger or reaching more places or people: a fire spreading, germs spreading, news spreading.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spreading:m3:1
# text = Getting bigger or reaching more places or people: a fire spreading, germs spreading, news spreading.
1	Getting	get	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	0	root	_	_
2	bigger	big	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	1	xcomp	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	reaching	reach	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	conj	_	_
5	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	amod	_	_
6	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	spreading	spread	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	germs	germ	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
15	spreading	spread	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	news	news	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	spreading	spreading	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | big *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **reach** | gerund |  | more places or people |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent place=Theme |
| 3 | **spread** | gerund | a fire | germs |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location germ=Theme |
| 4 | **spread** | gerund | a fire *not said here* | news spreading |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location spreading=Theme |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sharing out over time or among people: spreading the work.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spreading:m4:1
# text = Sharing out over time or among people: spreading the work.
1	Sharing	share	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	out	out	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	over	over	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	among	among	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
9	spreading	spread	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **share out** | gerund |  |  |  |  | time |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **spread** | gerund |  | the work |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location work=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yea, can any understand the spreadings of the clouds, the crashings of His pavilion? (Writings JOB.36.29, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Yea, can any understand the spreadings of the clouds, the crashings of His pavilion?

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spreading:x1:1
# text = Yea, can any understand the spreadings of the clouds, the crashings of His pavilion?
1	Yea	yea	INTJ	UH	_	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	any	any	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	understand	understand	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	spreadings	spreading	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	clouds	cloud	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	crashings	crashing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	pavilion	pavilion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **understand** | can |  | the spreadings of the clouds and the crashings of His pavilion |  |  |  | any *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer spreading=Stimulus |
| 2 | **spread** |  |  | the clouds and the crashings of His pavilion |  |  |  |  | nom spreading «event transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.36.29, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spreading:x1:2
# text = (Writings JOB.36.29, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.36.29	JOB.36.29	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I have seen the wicked in great power, and spreading himself like a leafy tree in its native soil. (Writings PSA.37.35, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* I have seen the wicked in great power, and spreading himself like a leafy tree in its native soil.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spreading:x2:1
# text = I have seen the wicked in great power, and spreading himself like a leafy tree in its native soil.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	wicked	wicked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	spreading	spread	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	parataxis	_	_
12	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	11	obj	_	_
13	like	like	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	leafy	leafy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
19	native	native	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | present · perfect | I |  |  | great power |  | wicked *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **spread** | gerund |  | himself *= he* |  | tree's native soil |  | like a leafy tree | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent himself=Theme in soil=Destination |
| 3 | **soil** |  | tree |  |  |  |  |  | nom soil «state transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.37.35, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spreading:x2:2
# text = (Writings PSA.37.35, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.37.35	PSA.37.35	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She shall be a place for the spreading of nets in the midst of the sea; for I have spoken it, saith the Lord GOD; and she shall become a spoil to the nations. (Prophets EZK.26.5, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* She shall be a place for the spreading of nets in the midst of the sea; for I have spoken it, saith the Lord GOD; and she shall become a spoil to the nations.

<!-- fold The tree, 34 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spreading:x3:1
# text = She shall be a place for the spreading of nets in the midst of the sea; for I have spoken it, saith the Lord GOD; and she shall become a spoil to the nations.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	spreading	spreading	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	nets	net	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	midst	midst	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
19	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
20	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	parataxis	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	Lord	Lord	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	compound	_	_
27	GOD	GOD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
30	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
31	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
32	become	become	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	advcl	_	_
33	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	spoil	spoil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	xcomp	_	_
35	to	to	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	nations	nation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | shall | She | a place |  |  |  | for the spreading of nets in the midst of the sea | tree rules |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | present · perfect | I | sea |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present |  | the Lord GOD |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent god=Topic |
| 4 | **become** | shall | she | a spoil to the nations |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **spread** |  |  | nets in the midst of the sea |  |  |  |  | nom spreading «event transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets EZK.26.5, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spreading:x3:2
# text = (Prophets EZK.26.5, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	EZK.26.5	EZK.26.5	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She is spreading jam on her toast.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spreading:x4:1
# text = She is spreading jam on her toast.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	spreading	spread	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	jam	jam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	toast	toast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spread** | present · progressive | She | jam |  | her toast |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent jam=Theme on toast=Destination |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cover your sneeze to stop germs spreading.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spreading:x5:1
# text = Cover your sneeze to stop germs spreading.
1	Cover	cover	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	sneeze	sneeze	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
6	germs	germ	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	spreading	spread	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | imperative | you *not said here* | your sneeze |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme sneeze=Destination |
| 2 | **stop** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | germs |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **spread** | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **sneeze** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom sneeze «state intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The fire was spreading quickly through the dry grass.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spreading:x6:1
# text = The fire was spreading quickly through the dry grass.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	spreading	spread	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	through	through	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spread** | past · progressive | the fire |  |  | the dry grass |  | quickly *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through grass=Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The eagle is spreading its huge wings.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spreading:x7:1
# text = The eagle is spreading its huge wings.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	eagle	eagle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	spreading	spread	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	wings	wing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spread** | present · progressive | the eagle | eagle's huge wings |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location wing=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Please stop spreading rumours about Tom.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spreading:x8:1
# text = Please stop spreading rumours about Tom.
1	Please	please	INTJ	UH	_	2	discourse	_	_
2	stop	stop	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	spreading	spread	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	rumours	rumour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	about	about	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Tom	Tom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **spread** | gerund | you *not said here* | rumours |  |  |  | about Tom | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent rumour=Theme about tom=Destination |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We are spreading the map out on the table.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spreading:x9:1
# text = We are spreading the map out on the table.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	spreading	spread	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	map	map	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spread out** | present · progressive | We | the map |  | the table |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent map=Theme on table=Destination |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The redness around the cut is spreading, so we'll see the doctor.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spreading:x10:1
# text = The redness around the cut is spreading, so we'll see the doctor.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	redness	redness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	around	around	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cut	cut	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	spreading	spread	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	so	so	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
10	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	'll	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	parataxis	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spread** | present · progressive | the redness around the cut |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **see** | future | we | the doctor |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer doctor=Stimulus |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The good news is spreading around the school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spreading:x11:1
# text = The good news is spreading around the school.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	news	news	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	spreading	spread	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	around	around	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spread** | present · progressive | the good news |  |  | the school |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme around school=Location |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It had a tall trunk with a wide-spreading top, and was very old.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spreading:x12:1
# text = It had a tall trunk with a wide-spreading top, and was very old.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	tall	tall	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	trunk	trunk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
8	wide	wide	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	spreading	spread	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	amod	_	_
11	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
14	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
15	very	very	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | It | a tall trunk |  |  |  | with a spreading top | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trunk=Patient |
| 2 | **spread** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | past |  |  |  |  |  | old *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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