---
title: spy — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «spy» in the Judaism dictionary: A spy is a person who secretly collects information about another country, group or person. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# spy

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** spy, person, someone, I, we, they · **What happens:** be, collect, spy, notice, say, return · **To what, where:** person, information, something, it, upright men, spies · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«spy» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 14 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [spy in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/spy.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A spy is a person who secretly collects information about another country, group or person.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spy:m1:1
# text = A spy is a person who secretly collects information about another country, group or person.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	spy	spy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
7	secretly	secretly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	collects	collect	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
9	information	information	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
10	about	about	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	12	det	_	_
12	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	parataxis	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a spy | a person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **collect** | present | a person | information |  |  |  | about another country; secretly *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent information=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To spy on someone is to watch them secretly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spy:m2:1
# text = To spy on someone is to watch them secretly.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	spy	spy	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
4	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	watch	watch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
8	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	secretly	secretly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spy** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is** | present | someone |  |  |  |  | secretly, watch *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To spy something is to see or notice it: «I spy with my little eye…».

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spy:m3:1
# text = To spy something is to see or notice it: «I spy with my little eye…».
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	spy	spy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	see	see	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	notice	notice	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	spy	spy	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
16	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	…	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spy** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer something=Stimulus |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | see *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **notice** | infinitive |  | it |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |
| 4 | **spy** *in a quote* | present | I |  |  |  |  | with my little eye | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And we said unto him: We are upright men; we are no spies. (Torah GEN.42.31, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And we said unto him: We are upright men; we are no spies.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spy:x1:1
# text = And we said unto him: We are upright men; we are no spies.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
7	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	upright	upright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
12	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
13	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
14	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	15	det	_	_
15	spies	spy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | we |  |  |  |  | unto him *= he* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | We | upright men |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | present | we | no spies |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.42.31, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spy:x1:2
# text = (Torah GEN.42.31, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.42.31	GEN.42.31	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And they returned from spying out the land at the end of forty days. (Torah NUM.13.25, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And they returned from spying out the land at the end of forty days.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spy:x2:1
# text = And they returned from spying out the land at the end of forty days.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	returned	return	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	spying	spy	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	forty	forty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **return** | past | they |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **spy out** | gerund | they *not said here* | the land |  |  | at the end of forty days |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer land=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah NUM.13.25, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spy:x2:2
# text = (Torah NUM.13.25, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	NUM.13.25	NUM.13.25	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We are all one man's sons; we are upright men, thy servants are no spies.' (Torah GEN.42.11, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* We are all one man's sons; we are upright men, thy servants are no spies.'

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spy:x3:1
# text = We are all one man's sons; we are upright men, thy servants are no spies.'
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
3	all	all	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
9	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
10	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	upright	upright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	_
16	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
17	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	18	det	_	_
18	spies	spy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | We | one man's sons |  |  |  | all *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | we | upright men and thy servants |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | present | upright men and thy servants | no spies |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.42.11, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spy:x3:2
# text = (Torah GEN.42.11, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.42.11	GEN.42.11	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
David therefore sent out spies, and understood that Saul was come of a certainty. (Prophets 1SA.26.4, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* David therefore sent out spies, and understood that Saul was come of a certainty.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spy:x4:1
# text = David therefore sent out spies, and understood that Saul was come of a certainty.
1	David	david	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	spies	spy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	understood	understand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	ccomp	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	certainty	certainty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send out** |  |  | spies |  |  |  | therefore *property* | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spy=Theme |
| 2 | **understand** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 3 | **come** | past · passive |  | Saul |  |  |  | of a certainty | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets 1SA.26.4, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spy:x4:2
# text = (Prophets 1SA.26.4, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	1SA.26.4	1SA.26.4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the house of Joseph sent to spy out Beth-el — now the name of the city beforetime was Luz. (Prophets JDG.1.23, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And the house of Joseph sent to spy out Beth-el — now the name of the city beforetime was Luz.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spy:x5:1
# text = And the house of Joseph sent to spy out Beth-el — now the name of the city beforetime was Luz.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Joseph	Joseph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	spy	spy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	out	out	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
10	Beth	Beth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	el	el	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
13	—	-	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	16	advmod	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	beforetime	beforetime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
21	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
22	Luz	Luz	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | the house of Joseph |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **spy out** | to-infinitive | the house of Joseph *not said here* | Beth el |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer el=Stimulus |
| 3 | **is a** | past | the name of the city beforetime | Luz |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **name** |  |  | the city beforetime |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JDG.1.23, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spy:x5:2
# text = (Prophets JDG.1.23, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JDG.1.23	JDG.1.23	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But Absalom sent spies throughout all the tribes of Israel, saying: 'As soon as ye hear the sound of the horn, then ye shall say: Absalom is king in Hebron.' (Prophets 2SA.15.10, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* But Absalom sent spies throughout all the tribes of Israel, saying: 'As soon as ye hear the sound of the horn, then ye shall say: Absalom is king in Hebron.'

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spy:x6:1
# text = But Absalom sent spies throughout all the tribes of Israel, saying: 'As soon as ye hear the sound of the horn, then ye shall say: Absalom is king in Hebron.'
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Absalom	Absalom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	spies	spy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	throughout	throughout	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	8	det:predet	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	tribes	tribe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
14	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	As	as	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	12	advmod	_	_
17	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
18	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	19	nsubj	_	_
19	hear	hear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	advcl	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	horn	horn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
26	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	29	advmod	_	_
27	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	29	nsubj	_	_
28	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
29	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	33	punct	_	_
31	Absalom	Absalom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	compound	_	_
32	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	33	cop	_	_
33	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	_
34	in	in	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	Hebron	Hebron	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	29	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | Absalom | spies |  |  | throughout all tribes of Israel |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spy=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | Absalom *not said here* |  |  |  |  | soon *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **hear** | present | ye | the sound of the horn |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer sound=Stimulus |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | shall | ye |  |  |  | then |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **is a** | present |  | Absalom king |  | Hebron |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets 2SA.15.10, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spy:x6:2
# text = (Prophets 2SA.15.10, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	2SA.15.10	2SA.15.10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The spy sent a secret message in code.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spy:x7:1
# text = The spy sent a secret message in code.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	spy	spy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	secret	secret	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	message	message	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	code	code	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | the spy | a secret message |  | code |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent message=Theme in code=Destination |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stop spying on me!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spy:x8:1
# text = Stop spying on me!
1	Stop	stop	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	spying	spy	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	xcomp	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **spy** | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | on me | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Let's play «I spy» in the car.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spy:x9:1
# text = Let's play «I spy» in the car.
1	Let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	_
3	play	play	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	spy	spy	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | imperative | you *not said here* | 's |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **play** | infinitive | 's *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **spy** *in a quote* | present | I |  |  | the car |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I spy something beginning with «t».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spy:x10:1
# text = I spy something beginning with «t».
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spy	spy	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	beginning	begin	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	t	t	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spy** | present | I | something |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer something=Stimulus |
| 2 | **begin** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | with t | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V PP.subeventuality»: agent=Eventuality with t=Subeventuality |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She spied a coin under the sofa.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spy:x11:1
# text = She spied a coin under the sofa.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spied	spy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	coin	coin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	under	under	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sofa	sofa	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spy** | past | She | a coin |  | the sofa |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer coin=Stimulus |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the war, spies hid secret plans in shoes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spy:x12:1
# text = In the war, spies hid secret plans in shoes.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	spies	spy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	hid	hide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	secret	secret	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	plans	plan	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	shoes	shoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hide** | past | spies | secret plans |  | the war |  | in shoes | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent plan=Patient in war=Location |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The spy wore a disguise so nobody knew him.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spy:x13:1
# text = The spy wore a disguise so nobody knew him.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	spy	spy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wore	wear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	disguise	disguise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	nobody	nobody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	8	nsubj	_	_
8	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
9	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | past | the spy | a disguise |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent disguise=Theme |
| 2 | **know** | past | nobody | spy |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“Do you suspect me of being a spy sent by the ogre?”

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:spy:x14:1
# text = “Do you suspect me of being a spy sent by the ogre?”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	suspect	suspect	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	cop	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	spy	spy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	ogre	ogre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **suspect** *in a quote* | present · do-support | you | me |  |  |  |  | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent i=Attribute |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | of a spy | tree rules |
| 3 | **send** *in a quote* | participle |  | a spy *not said here* |  |  |  | by the ogre | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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