---
title: straggler — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «straggler» in the Judaism dictionary: A straggler is a person or animal that falls behind the others on a march, walk or journey. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# straggler

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** straggler, person, Howl, teacher, others, stragglers · **What happens:** be, fall, walk, cry, melt away, come · **To what, where:** person, others, city, smoke, north, gate

<!-- .vabout -->
«straggler» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 4 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [straggler in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/straggler.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A straggler is a person or animal that falls behind the others on a march, walk or journey.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:straggler:m1:1
# text = A straggler is a person or animal that falls behind the others on a march, walk or journey.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	straggler	straggler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	falls	fall	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
10	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	march	march	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	walk	walk	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	journey	journey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a straggler | a person or animal |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **fall** | present | a person or animal |  |  | the others |  | on a march | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme behind other=Location |
| 3 | **walk** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Howl, O gate; cry, O city; melt away, O Philistia, all of thee; for there cometh a smoke out of the north, and there is no straggler in his ranks. (Prophets ISA.14.31, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Howl, O gate; cry, O city; melt away, O Philistia, all of thee; for there cometh a smoke out of the north, and there is no straggler in his ranks.

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:straggler:x1:1
# text = Howl, O gate; cry, O city; melt away, O Philistia, all of thee; for there cometh a smoke out of the north, and there is no straggler in his ranks.
1	Howl	howl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	_
4	gate	gate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	cry	cry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	O	of	ADP	IN	Abbr=Yes	9	case	_	_
9	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	melt	melt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
12	away	away	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	15	discourse	_	_
15	Philistia	Philistia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	15	conj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
21	for	for	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	23	obl	_	_
23	cometh	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	_
26	out	out	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	north	north	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
32	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	33	expl	_	_
33	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	conj	_	_
34	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	35	det	_	_
35	straggler	straggler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nsubj	_	_
36	in	in	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	38	nmod:poss	_	_
38	ranks	rank	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cry** *speech: express* | infinitive | Howl and gate | city |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent city=Topic |
| 2 | **melt away** | infinitive | Howl and gate *not said here* |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **come** | present |  | a smoke |  | the north |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location smoke=Theme |
| 4 | **be** | present | no straggler in straggler's ranks |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets ISA.14.31, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:straggler:x1:2
# text = (Prophets ISA.14.31, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	ISA.14.31	ISA.14.31	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher waited at the gate for the stragglers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:straggler:x2:1
# text = The teacher waited at the gate for the stragglers.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	waited	wait	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	gate	gate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	stragglers	straggler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wait** | past | the teacher |  |  | the gate |  | for the stragglers | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at gate=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A straggler was still in the woods when the others went home.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:straggler:x3:1
# text = A straggler was still in the woods when the others went home.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	straggler	straggler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	still	still	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	woods	wood	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
8	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
12	home	home	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | a straggler |  |  | the woods | still |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **go** | past | the others |  |  |  |  | home *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The stragglers caught up after an hour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:straggler:x4:1
# text = The stragglers caught up after an hour.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	stragglers	straggler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	caught	catch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **catch up** | past | the stragglers |  |  |  | hour |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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