---
title: substance — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «substance» in the Judaism dictionary: A material or kind of matter with particular qualities, like a sticky substance, or a chemical substance such as water, salt or iron. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# substance

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Something, they, I, cattle, us, them · **What happens:** mean, not talk, be, serve, judge, come out · **To what, where:** something, substance, nation, ours, us, sojournings · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«substance» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 15 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [substance in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/substance.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A material or kind of matter with particular qualities, like a sticky substance, or a chemical substance such as water, salt or iron.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:substance:m1:1
# text = A material or kind of matter with particular qualities, like a sticky substance, or a chemical substance such as water, salt or iron.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	material	material	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	matter	matter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	particular	particular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	qualities	quality	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	like	like	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	sticky	sticky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	chemical	chemical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	_
20	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	22	case	_	_
21	as	as	ADP	IN	_	20	fixed	_	_
22	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	parataxis	_	_
25	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	iron	iron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The most important part or real meaning of something: the substance of the story.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:substance:m2:1
# text = The most important part or real meaning of something: the substance of the story.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	3	advmod	_	_
3	important	important	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	meaning	meaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** |  |  | something |  |  |  |  | nom meaning «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Something solid and real, not just talk: there was no substance to the rumour.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:substance:m3:1
# text = Something solid and real, not just talk: there was no substance to the rumour.
1	Something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	13	nsubj	_	_
2	solid	solid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	amod	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
7	just	just	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	talk	talk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
10	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	11	expl	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	13	det	_	_
13	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	rumour	rumour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **talk** | infinitive | Something *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | past | Something | no substance |  |  |  | to the rumour | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
and also that nation, whom they shall serve, will I judge; and afterward shall they come out with great substance. (Torah GEN.15.14, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* and also that nation, whom they shall serve, will I judge; and afterward shall they come out with great substance.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:substance:x1:1
# text = and also that nation, whom they shall serve, will I judge; and afterward shall they come out with great substance.
1	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
2	also	also	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
4	nation	nation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	9	obj	_	_
7	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	serve	serve	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
11	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
12	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	judge	judge	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
16	afterward	afterward	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
17	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	conj	_	_
20	out	out	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
21	with	with	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **serve** | shall | they | nation |  |  |  |  | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whom=Attribute |
| 2 | **judge** | future | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V whether/if S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **come out** | shall | they |  |  |  |  | with great substance; afterward, out *property* | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.15.14, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:substance:x1:2
# text = (Torah GEN.15.14, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.15.14	GEN.15.14	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Shall not their cattle and their substance and all their beasts be ours? only let us consent unto them, and they will dwell with us.' (Torah GEN.34.23, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Shall not their cattle and their substance and all their beasts be ours? only let us consent unto them, and they will dwell with us.'

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:substance:x2:1
# text = Shall not their cattle and their substance and all their beasts be ours? only let us consent unto them, and they will dwell with us.'
1	Shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
2	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	cattle	cattle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	11	det:predet	_	_
10	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	beasts	beast	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
12	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	cop	_	_
13	ours	our	PRON	PRP	Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
15	only	only	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
17	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	_
18	consent	consent	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	xcomp	_	_
19	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
23	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
24	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
25	dwell	dwell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	conj	_	_
26	with	with	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | infinitive |  | ours |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **let** | shall | their cattle and cattle's substance and cattle's beasts | us |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **consent** | infinitive | us *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto cattle | vn acquiesce-95.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **dwell** | future | cattle |  |  |  |  | with us | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with we=Location |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.34.23, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:substance:x2:2
# text = (Torah GEN.34.23, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.34.23	GEN.34.23	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For their substance was too great for them to dwell together; and the land of their sojournings could not bear them because of their cattle. (Torah GEN.36.7, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* For their substance was too great for them to dwell together; and the land of their sojournings could not bear them because of their cattle.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:substance:x3:1
# text = For their substance was too great for them to dwell together; and the land of their sojournings could not bear them because of their cattle.
1	For	for	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	too	too	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	dwell	dwell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	csubj	_	_
11	together	together	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	sojournings	sojourning	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	_
19	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
20	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	21	advmod	_	_
21	bear	bear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
22	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obj	_	_
23	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	26	case	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	fixed	_	_
25	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	cattle	cattle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past |  |  |  |  |  | for their substance; great *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **dwell** | to-infinitive | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | together *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **not** **bear** | could | the land of their sojournings | sojournings *= sojourning* |  |  |  | because sojournings's cattle | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.36.7, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:substance:x3:2
# text = (Torah GEN.36.7, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.36.7	GEN.36.7	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
All these were the rulers of the substance which was king David's. (Writings 1CH.27.31, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* All these were the rulers of the substance which was king David's.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:substance:x4:1
# text = All these were the rulers of the substance which was king David's.
1	All	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	5	det:predet	_	_
2	these	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	5	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	rulers	ruler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
12	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	's	's	PART	POS	_	12	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | these | all rulers |  |  |  | of the substance | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | past | the substance | king |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings 1CH.27.31, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:substance:x4:2
# text = (Writings 1CH.27.31, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	1CH.27.31	1CH.27.31	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
'Surely their substance is cut off, and their abundance the fire hath consumed.' (Writings JOB.22.20, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* 'Surely their substance is cut off, and their abundance the fire hath consumed.'

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:substance:x5:1
# text = 'Surely their substance is cut off, and their abundance the fire hath consumed.'
1	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Surely	surely	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	off	off	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	abundance	abundance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	hath	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
15	consumed	consume	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut off** | present · passive |  | their substance |  |  |  | their abundance *obl*; surely *property* | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality |
| 2 | **have** | present | the fire | their abundance *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **consume** | participle | their abundance *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.22.20, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:substance:x5:2
# text = (Writings JOB.22.20, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.22.20	JOB.22.20	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We shall find all precious substance, we shall fill our houses with spoil; (Writings PRO.1.13, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:substance:x6:1
# text = We shall find all precious substance, we shall fill our houses with spoil; (Writings PRO.1.13, JPS 1917)
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
5	precious	precious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	fill	fill	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
11	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	houses	house	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	spoil	spoil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
16	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	compound	_	_
18	PRO.1.13	PRO.1.13	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	_
21	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	18	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	18	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | shall | We | all precious substance |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent substance=Theme pro.1.13=Attribute |
| 2 | **fill** | shall | we | our houses |  |  |  | with spoil | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent house=Patient with spoil=Instrument |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Water is a substance that can be a solid, a liquid or a gas.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:substance:x7:1
# text = Water is a substance that can be a solid, a liquid or a gas.
1	Water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
6	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
7	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	cop	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	solid	solid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	liquid	liquid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	gas	gas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Water | a substance |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | can | a substance | a solid and a liquid or a gas |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A strange green substance oozed out of the tube.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:substance:x8:1
# text = A strange green substance oozed out of the tube.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	strange	strange	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	oozed	ooze	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	tube	tube	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ooze** | past | a strange green substance |  |  | the tube |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme out tube=Location |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Never taste an unknown substance.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:substance:x9:1
# text = Never taste an unknown substance.
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	taste	taste	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	unknown	unknown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **taste** | imperative | you *not said here* | a unknown substance |  |  |  |  | vn seem-109 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Theme substance=Attribute |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cleaning products contain harmful substances.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:substance:x10:1
# text = Cleaning products contain harmful substances.
1	Cleaning	clean	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	amod	_	_
2	products	product	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	contain	contain	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	harmful	harmful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	substances	substance	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **clean** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **contain** | present | Cleaning products | harmful substances |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot substance=Theme |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Salt and sugar are both white substances, but they taste different.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:substance:x11:1
# text = Salt and sugar are both white substances, but they taste different.
1	Salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	sugar	sugar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	both	both	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	substances	substance	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	taste	taste	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
12	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Salt and sugar | white substances |  |  |  | both *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **taste** | present | Salt |  |  |  |  | different *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mixing two substances can make a new substance.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:substance:x12:1
# text = Mixing two substances can make a new substance.
1	Mixing	mix	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	csubj	_	_
2	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	substances	substance	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mix** | gerund |  | two substances |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent substance=Patient |
| 2 | **make** | can | Mixing | a new substance |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset substance=Product |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher said my essay had good substance.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:substance:x13:1
# text = The teacher said my essay had good substance.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	essay	essay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
7	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the teacher |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **have** | past | my essay | good substance |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent substance=Patient |
| 3 | **essay** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom essay «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There was no substance to the rumour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:substance:x14:1
# text = There was no substance to the rumour.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	rumour	rumour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | no substance to the rumour |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 15 {#x15}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The spade struck against a hard substance; it was a stone, that shone dazzling white.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:substance:x15:1
# text = The spade struck against a hard substance; it was a stone, that shone dazzling white.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	spade	spade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	struck	strike	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	against	against	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
15	shone	shine	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
16	dazzling	dazzle	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	xcomp	_	_
17	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **strike** | past | the spade |  |  | a hard substance |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme against substance=Location |
| 2 | **is a** | past | spade | a stone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **shine** | past | a stone |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **dazzle** | gerund | a stone *not said here* | white |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus white=Experiencer |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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