---
title: suffering — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «suffering» in the Judaism dictionary: Pain, sadness or difficulty that a person or animal feels. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# suffering

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** person, She, LORD, I, you, God · **What happens:** feel, have, suffer, pass, proclaim, flee · **To what, where:** pain, problem, cold, LORD, Thee, heart

<!-- .vabout -->
«suffering» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 11 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [suffering in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/suffering.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pain, sadness or difficulty that a person or animal feels.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:suffering:m1:1
# text = Pain, sadness or difficulty that a person or animal feels.
1	Pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	sadness	sadness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	feels	feel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | present | a person or animal |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Feeling pain or having a problem.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:suffering:m2:1
# text = Feeling pain or having a problem.
1	Feeling	feel	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	having	have	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	problem	problem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | gerund |  | pain |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pain=Theme |
| 2 | **have** | gerund |  | a problem |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent problem=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"She is suffering from a cold."

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:suffering:m2e:1
# text = "She is suffering from a cold."
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	suffering	suffer	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **suffer** *in a quote* | present · progressive | She |  |  | a cold |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the LORD passed by before him, and proclaimed: 'The LORD, the LORD, God, merciful and gracious, long-suffering, and abundant in goodness and truth; (Torah EXO.34.6, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 29 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:suffering:x1:1
# text = And the LORD passed by before him, and proclaimed: 'The LORD, the LORD, God, merciful and gracious, long-suffering, and abundant in goodness and truth; (Torah EXO.34.6, JPS 1917)
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
4	passed	pass	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	before	before	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	proclaimed	proclaim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
12	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	merciful	merciful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	parataxis	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	gracious	gracious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	suffering	suffering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	abundant	abundant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	_
31	in	in	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	goodness	goodness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
34	truth	truth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	38	punct	_	_
36	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	38	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	38	compound	_	_
38	EXO.34.6	EXO.34.6	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
40	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	38	conj	_	_
41	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	38	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	38	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pass** | participle |  | the LORD *not said here* |  |  |  | by LORD | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by he=Location |
| 2 | **proclaim** | past | the LORD | the LORD and the LORD and God |  |  |  |  | vn confess-37.10 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Therefore I fled beforehand unto Tarshish; for I knew that Thou art a gracious God, and compassionate, long-suffering, and abundant in mercy, and repentest Thee of the evil. (Prophets JON.4.2, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Therefore I fled beforehand unto Tarshish; for I knew that Thou art a gracious God, and compassionate, long-suffering, and abundant in mercy, and repentest Thee of the evil.

<!-- fold The tree, 29 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:suffering:x2:1
# text = Therefore I fled beforehand unto Tarshish; for I knew that Thou art a gracious God, and compassionate, long-suffering, and abundant in mercy, and repentest Thee of the evil.
1	Therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fled	flee	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	beforehand	beforehand	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Tarshish	Tarshish	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
8	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
9	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	13	nsubj	_	_
13	art	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	ccomp	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	gracious	gracious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
19	compassionate	compassionate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
21	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	suffering	suffering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	abundant	abundant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
27	in	in	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	mercy	mercy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	repentest	repent	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
32	Thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	31	obj	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	evil	evil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flee** | past | I |  |  |  |  | unto Tarshish; beforehand, therefore *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **know** | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **repent** | present | I *not said here* | Thee |  |  |  | of the evil | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JON.4.2, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:suffering:x2:2
# text = (Prophets JON.4.2, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JON.4.2	JON.4.2	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And rend your heart, and not your garments, and turn unto the LORD your God; for He is gracious and compassionate, long-suffering, and abundant in mercy, and repenteth Him of the evil. (Prophets JOL.2.13, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And rend your heart, and not your garments, and turn unto the LORD your God; for He is gracious and compassionate, long-suffering, and abundant in mercy, and repenteth Him of the evil.

<!-- fold The tree, 33 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:suffering:x3:1
# text = And rend your heart, and not your garments, and turn unto the LORD your God; for He is gracious and compassionate, long-suffering, and abundant in mercy, and repenteth Him of the evil.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	2	cc	_	_
2	rend	rend	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
8	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	garments	garment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	turn	turn	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
13	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
19	for	for	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
21	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
22	gracious	gracious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	compassionate	compassionate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	suffering	suffering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	abundant	abundant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	conj	_	_
32	in	in	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	mercy	mercy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
36	repenteth	repent	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
37	Him	Him	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	obj	_	_
38	of	of	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	evil	evil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rend** | imperative | you *not said here* | your heart and your garments |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heart=Patient |
| 2 | **turn** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto the LORD | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | present | God |  |  |  |  | gracious *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **be** |  | God *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **be** |  | God *not said here* |  |  | mercy |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **repent** | present | you *not said here* | Him |  |  |  | of the evil | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JOL.2.13, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:suffering:x3:2
# text = (Prophets JOL.2.13, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOL.2.13	JOL.2.13	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thou, O LORD, knowest; Remember me, and think of me, and avenge me of my persecutors; take me not away because of Thy long-suffering; know that for Thy sake I have suffered taunts. (Prophets JER.15.15, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Thou, O LORD, knowest; Remember me, and think of me, and avenge me of my persecutors; take me not away because of Thy long-suffering; know that for Thy sake I have suffered taunts.

<!-- fold The tree, 34 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:suffering:x4:1
# text = Thou, O LORD, knowest; Remember me, and think of me, and avenge me of my persecutors; take me not away because of Thy long-suffering; know that for Thy sake I have suffered taunts.
1	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	_
4	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	knowest	know	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
8	Remember	remember	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
9	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	think	think	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	avenge	avenge	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
18	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	persecutors	persecutor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
23	take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
24	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	23	obj	_	_
25	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	23	advmod	_	_
26	away	away	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
27	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	32	case	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	fixed	_	_
29	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	32	nmod:poss	_	_
30	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	suffering	suffering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	34	punct	_	_
34	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
35	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	38	mark	_	_
36	for	for	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	38	nmod:poss	_	_
38	sake	sake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	ccomp	_	_
39	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	41	nsubj	_	_
40	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	41	aux	_	_
41	suffered	suffer	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	38	acl:relcl	_	_
42	taunts	taunt	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	41	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | present | Thou |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **remember** | infinitive | Thou *not said here* | me |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent i=Theme |
| 3 | **think** *speech: other* | infinitive | Thou *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of me | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **avenge** | present | Thou *not said here* | me |  |  |  | of my persecutors | tree rules |
| 5 | **not** **take away** | infinitive | Thou *not said here* | me |  |  |  | because Thy long suffering; away *property* | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme |
| 6 | **know** | infinitive | Thou *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 7 | **suffer** | present · perfect | I | taunts |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer taunt=Stimulus |
| 8 | **suffer** |  | Thy |  |  |  |  |  | nom suffering «state intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JER.15.15, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:suffering:x4:2
# text = (Prophets JER.15.15, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JER.15.15	JER.15.15	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The vet ended the old dog's suffering.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:suffering:x5:1
# text = The vet ended the old dog's suffering.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	vet	vet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ended	end	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	suffering	suffering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **end** | past | the vet | the old dog's suffering |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality suffering=Eventuality |
| 2 | **suffer** |  | the old dog |  |  |  |  |  | nom suffering «state intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He is suffering from hay fever.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:suffering:x6:1
# text = He is suffering from hay fever.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	suffering	suffer	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	hay	hay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	fever	fever	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **suffer** | present · progressive | He |  |  | hay fever |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Charities help reduce the suffering of people after floods.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:suffering:x7:1
# text = Charities help reduce the suffering of people after floods.
1	Charities	charity	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	help	help	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	reduce	reduce	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	suffering	suffering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	after	after	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	floods	flood	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Charities |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **reduce** | infinitive | Charities *not said here* | the suffering of people after floods |  |  |  |  | vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer suffering=Patient |
| 3 | **suffer** |  | people after floods |  |  |  |  |  | nom suffering «state intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The animals were suffering in the heat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:suffering:x8:1
# text = The animals were suffering in the heat.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	suffering	suffer	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **suffer** | past · progressive | the animals |  |  | the heat |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We read about the suffering of soldiers in the war.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:suffering:x9:1
# text = We read about the suffering of soldiers in the war.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	read	read	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	about	about	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	suffering	suffering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | past | We |  |  | the war |  | about the suffering of soldiers | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about suffering=Topic |
| 2 | **suffer** |  | soldiers |  |  |  |  |  | nom suffering «state intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She is suffering from a bad headache.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:suffering:x10:1
# text = She is suffering from a bad headache.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	suffering	suffer	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	headache	headache	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **suffer** | present · progressive | She |  |  | a bad headache |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The scene of past sufferings revives painful memories.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:suffering:x11:1
# text = The scene of past sufferings revives painful memories.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	scene	scene	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	past	past	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	sufferings	suffering	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
6	revives	revive	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	painful	painful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	memories	memory	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **revive** | present | the scene of past sufferings | painful memories |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent memory=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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