---
title: taunt — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «taunt» in the Judaism dictionary: To taunt someone is to say unkind things to hurt their feelings or to make them angry. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# taunt

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** taunt, thou, their, he, son, Peacock · **What happens:** taunt, be, hurt, make, tease, blaspheme · **To what, where:** someone, feelings, taunt, Israel, David, Crane

<!-- .vabout -->
«taunt» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [taunt in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/taunt.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To taunt someone is to say unkind things to hurt their feelings or to make them angry.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:taunt:m1:1
# text = To taunt someone is to say unkind things to hurt their feelings or to make them angry.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	taunt	taunt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	say	say	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	unkind	unkind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	hurt	hurt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
11	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	feelings	feeling	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	_
16	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	angry	angry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **taunt** | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | vn bully-59.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | say *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **hurt** | to-infinitive |  | things's feelings |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer feeling=Patient |
| 4 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | feelings *= feeling* |  |  |  | angry *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset they=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A taunt is a cruel remark said to tease or hurt someone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:taunt:m2:1
# text = A taunt is a cruel remark said to tease or hurt someone.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	taunt	taunt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	cruel	cruel	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	remark	remark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	tease	tease	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	hurt	hurt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
12	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a taunt |  |  |  |  | say *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **tease** | to-infinitive | a taunt *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn ferret-35.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **hurt** | infinitive | a taunt *not said here* | someone |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer someone=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Whom hast thou taunted and blasphemed? (Prophets ISA.37.23, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Whom hast thou taunted and blasphemed?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:taunt:x1:1
# text = Whom hast thou taunted and blasphemed?
1	Whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	obj	_	_
2	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	nsubj	_	_
4	taunted	taunt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	blasphemed	blaspheme	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **taunt** | present · perfect | thou |  |  |  |  |  | vn bully-59.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whom=Patient |
| 2 | **blaspheme** | participle | thou *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets ISA.37.23, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:taunt:x1:2
# text = (Prophets ISA.37.23, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	ISA.37.23	ISA.37.23	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thou hast heard their taunt, O LORD, and all their devices against me; (Writings LAM.3.61, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:taunt:x2:1
# text = Thou hast heard their taunt, O LORD, and all their devices against me; (Writings LAM.3.61, JPS 1917)
1	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	nsubj	_	_
2	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	taunt	taunt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	8	discourse	_	_
8	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	13	det:predet	_	_
12	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	devices	device	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
14	against	against	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
19	LAM.3.61	LAM.3.61	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	flat	_	_
22	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	19	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	18	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | present · perfect | Thou | their taunt |  |  |  | LORD *obl*; their devices against me *obl*; Writings *obl* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer taunt=Stimulus |
| 2 | **taunt** |  | their *= they* |  |  |  |  |  | nom taunt «act transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And when he taunted Israel, Jonathan the son of Shimea David's brother slew him. (Prophets 2SA.21.21, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And when he taunted Israel, Jonathan the son of Shimea David's brother slew him.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:taunt:x3:1
# text = And when he taunted Israel, Jonathan the son of Shimea David's brother slew him.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
2	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	taunted	taunt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	advcl	_	_
5	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	Jonathan	Jonathan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
11	Shimea	Shimea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	's	's	PART	POS	_	12	case	_	_
14	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
15	slew	slay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
16	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **taunt** | past | he | Israel and Jonathan |  |  |  |  | vn bully-59.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent israel=Patient |
| 2 | **slay** | past | the son of Shimea David's brother | David |  |  |  |  | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets 2SA.21.21, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:taunt:x3:2
# text = (Prophets 2SA.21.21, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	2SA.21.21	2SA.21.21	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Peacock taunted the Crane about her plain feathers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:taunt:x4:1
# text = The Peacock taunted the Crane about her plain feathers.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Peacock	Peacock	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	taunted	taunt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Crane	crane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	about	about	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	plain	plain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	feathers	feather	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **taunt** | past | the Peacock | the Crane |  |  |  | about Peacock's plain feathers | vn bully-59.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crane=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He shouted a taunt at the runner.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:taunt:x5:1
# text = He shouted a taunt at the runner.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	shouted	shout	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	taunt	taunt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	runner	runner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shout** *speech: express* | past | He | a taunt |  | the runner |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent taunt=Topic |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't rise to their taunts.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:taunt:x6:1
# text = Don't rise to their taunts.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	rise	rise	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	taunts	taunt	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **rise** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* |  |  | their taunts |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to taunt=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **taunt** |  | their *= they* |  |  |  |  |  | nom taunt «act transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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