---
title: tax — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «tax» in the Judaism dictionary: Money that people and businesses must pay to the government to pay for things like schools, roads, hospitals and police. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# tax

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** people, tax, they, Moses, Taxes, price · **What happens:** pay, make, mean, work, tire, bring in · **To what, where:** Money, people, tax, something, proclamation, Judah · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«tax» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [tax in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/tax.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Money that people and businesses must pay to the government to pay for things like schools, roads, hospitals and police.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:tax:m1:1
# text = Money that people and businesses must pay to the government to pay for things like schools, roads, hospitals and police.
1	Money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	obj	_	_
3	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	businesses	business	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
6	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	acl:relcl	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	_
15	like	like	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	schools	school	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	roads	road	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	hospitals	hospital	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	conj	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	police	police	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pay** | must | people and businesses | Money |  |  |  | to the government | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Asset |
| 2 | **pay** | to-infinitive | people and businesses *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for things like schools and roads and hospitals and police | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for thing=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As a verb, to make people pay tax on something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:tax:m2:1
# text = As a verb, to make people pay tax on something.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	tax	tax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | people |  |  |  | as a verb | tree rules |
| 2 | **pay** | infinitive | people *not said here* | tax |  | something |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tax=Asset |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To tax something can also mean to make it work hard or tire it.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:tax:m3:1
# text = To tax something can also mean to make it work hard or tire it.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	tax	tax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	appos	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	also	also	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	work	work	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	10	advmod	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	tire	tire	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | tax |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **make** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | tax *not said here* | tax |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **work** *not said to happen* | infinitive | tax *not said here* |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **tire** | infinitive | tax *not said here* | tax |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus it=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"a taxing job".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:tax:m3e:1
# text = "a taxing job".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	taxing	taxing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And they made a proclamation through Judah and Jerusalem, to bring in for the LORD the tax that Moses the servant of God laid upon Israel in the wilderness. (Writings 2CH.24.9, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And they made a proclamation through Judah and Jerusalem, to bring in for the LORD the tax that Moses the servant of God laid upon Israel in the wilderness.

<!-- fold The tree, 29 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:tax:x1:1
# text = And they made a proclamation through Judah and Jerusalem, to bring in for the LORD the tax that Moses the servant of God laid upon Israel in the wilderness.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	proclamation	proclamation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	through	through	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	Jerusalem	Jerusalem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	bring	bring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	_
14	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	tax	tax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	_
19	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	25	obj	_	_
20	Moses	Moses	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	servant	servant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	appos	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	_
25	laid	lay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	acl:relcl	_	_
26	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
28	in	in	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | they | a proclamation |  | Judah and Jerusalem |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset proclamation=Product |
| 2 | **bring in** | to-infinitive | they *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for the LORD | vn earn-54.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **lay** | past | Moses | the tax |  | the wilderness |  | upon Israel | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent that=Theme upon israel=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings 2CH.24.9, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:tax:x1:2
# text = (Writings 2CH.24.9, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	2CH.24.9	2CH.24.9	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Taxes help pay for schools and roads.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:tax:x2:1
# text = Taxes help pay for schools and roads.
1	Taxes	tax	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	help	help	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	schools	school	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	roads	road	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Taxes |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **pay** | infinitive | Taxes *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for schools and roads | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for school=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The price was 10 dollars plus tax.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:tax:x3:1
# text = The price was 10 dollars plus tax.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	price	price	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	dollars	dollar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	plus	plus	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	tax	tax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the price | 10 dollars plus tax |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In Australia, GST is added to most things you buy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:tax:x4:1
# text = In Australia, GST is added to most things you buy.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	GST	GST	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	added	add	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	9	amod	_	_
9	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
10	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	buy	buy	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **add** *speech: assert* | present · passive |  | GST |  | Australia |  | to most things | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: subject=Patient to thing=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **buy** | present | you | most things *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The government taxes petrol.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:tax:x5:1
# text = The government taxes petrol.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	taxes	tax	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	compound	_	_
4	petrol	petrol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grown-ups pay income tax on the money they earn.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:tax:x6:1
# text = Grown-ups pay income tax on the money they earn.
1	Grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	ups	up	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	pay	pay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	income	income	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	tax	tax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	earn	earn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **pay** | present | Grown ups | income tax |  | the money |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tax=Asset |
| 3 | **earn** | present | ups *= up* | the money *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Climbing that steep hill was very taxing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:tax:x7:1
# text = Climbing that steep hill was very taxing.
1	Climbing	climb	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	csubj	_	_
2	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	det	_	_
3	steep	steep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	very	very	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	taxing	tax	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **climb** | gerund |  | that steep hill |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location hill=Theme |
| 2 | **tax** | past · progressive | Climbing |  |  |  |  |  | vn bill-54.5-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The colonists were angry about the tax on tea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:tax:x8:1
# text = The colonists were angry about the tax on tea.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	colonists	colonist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	angry	angry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	about	about	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	tax	tax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	tea	tea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the colonists |  |  |  |  | about the tax on tea; angry *property* | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“Have you been for the tax?” said the giant.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:tax:x9:1
# text = “Have you been for the tax?” said the giant.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
4	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	cop	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	tax	tax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
10	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	giant	giant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | present · perfect | you |  |  |  |  | for the tax | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: ask* | past | the tax | the giant |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent giant=Topic |

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**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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