---
title: toll — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «toll» in the Judaism dictionary: A toll is money you must pay to use a road, bridge or tunnel. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# toll

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** toll, you, free number, country, walls, thou · **What happens:** be, pay, use, kill, hurt, toll · **To what, where:** money, road, number, people, disaster, toll · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«toll» in the Judaism dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 11 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [toll in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/toll.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A toll is money you must pay to use a road, bridge or tunnel.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:toll:m1:1
# text = A toll is money you must pay to use a road, bridge or tunnel.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	toll	toll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl:relcl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	use	use	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	tunnel	tunnel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a toll | money |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pay** | must | you | money *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Asset |
| 3 | **use** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | a road and bridge or tunnel |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent road=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The toll of a disaster is the number of people killed or hurt, as in «the death toll».

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:toll:m2:1
# text = The toll of a disaster is the number of people killed or hurt, as in «the death toll».
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	toll	toll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	disaster	disaster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
11	killed	kill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	hurt	hurt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
15	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
17	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	toll	toll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the toll of a disaster | the number |  |  |  | of people | tree rules |
| 2 | **kill** | participle |  | people *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **hurt** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **toll** |  |  | a disaster |  |  |  |  | nom toll «possession transitive»: of=patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To take a toll (on) means to cause damage, harm or tiredness over time.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:toll:m3:1
# text = To take a toll (on) means to cause damage, harm or tiredness over time.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	8	nsubj	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	toll	toll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	6	punct	_	_
8	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	cause	cause	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	harm	harm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	tiredness	tiredness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
16	over	over	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | to-infinitive |  | a toll |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toll=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **cause** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | damage and harm or tiredness |  |  | time |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition damage=Patient |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To toll means for a large bell to ring slowly again and again, often for a death.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:toll:m4:1
# text = To toll means for a large bell to ring slowly again and again, often for a death.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	toll	toll	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	bell	bell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	ring	ring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
10	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	again	again	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	again	again	ADV	RB	_	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	often	often	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
16	for	for	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **toll** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | for a large bell | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **ring** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  | again | for a death; slowly *property* | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A toll-free number is a phone number you can call without paying.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:toll:m5:1
# text = A toll-free number is a phone number you can call without paying.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	toll	toll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	phone	phone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	call	call	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	parataxis	_	_
13	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
14	paying	pay	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a free number | a phone number |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **call** | can | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **pay** | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There have been mighty kings also over Jerusalem, who have ruled over all the country beyond the River; and tribute, impost, and toll, was paid unto them. (Writings EZR.4.20, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* There have been mighty kings also over Jerusalem, who have ruled over all the country beyond the River; and tribute, impost, and toll, was paid unto them.

<!-- fold The tree, 27 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:toll:x1:1
# text = There have been mighty kings also over Jerusalem, who have ruled over all the country beyond the River; and tribute, impost, and toll, was paid unto them.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	cop	_	_
4	mighty	mighty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	kings	king	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	also	also	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
7	over	over	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Jerusalem	Jerusalem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	ruled	rule	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
13	over	over	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	16	det:predet	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl:agent	_	_
17	beyond	beyond	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	River	River	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
22	tribute	tribute	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	impost	impost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	toll	toll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
29	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	aux:pass	_	_
30	paid	pay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
31	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present |  |  |  | there |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | participle |  | mighty kings |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **rule over** | present · perfect · passive | all country beyond the River | Jerusalem |  |  |  | over *property* | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent subject=Result |
| 4 | **pay** | past · passive |  | tribute and impost and toll |  |  |  | unto kings *= king* | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings EZR.4.20, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:toll:x1:2
# text = (Writings EZR.4.20, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	EZR.4.20	EZR.4.20	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Be it known now unto the king, that, if this city be builded, and the walls finished, they will not pay tribute, impost, or toll, and so thou wilt endamage the revenue of the kings. (Writings EZR.4.13, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Be it known now unto the king, that, if this city be builded, and the walls finished, they will not pay tribute, impost, or toll, and so thou wilt endamage the revenue of the kings.

<!-- fold The tree, 35 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:toll:x2:1
# text = Be it known now unto the king, that, if this city be builded, and the walls finished, they will not pay tribute, impost, or toll, and so thou wilt endamage the revenue of the kings.
1	Be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	aux:pass	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
5	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
12	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	13	det	_	_
13	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	builded	builde	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj	_	_
20	finished	finish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
22	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
23	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
24	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	25	advmod	_	_
25	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	ccomp	_	_
26	tribute	tribute	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
28	impost	impost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	toll	toll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
34	so	so	ADV	RB	_	37	advmod	_	_
35	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	37	nsubj	_	_
36	wilt	will	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	37	aux	_	_
37	endamage	endamage	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	revenue	revenue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obj	_	_
40	of	of	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	kings	king	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | infinitive · passive |  | it |  |  | now | unto the king  that | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus |
| 2 | **builde** *a condition, not said to happen* | infinitive · passive |  | this city |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **finish** | past | the walls |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **not** **pay** | future | walls *= wall* | tribute and impost or toll |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tribute=Asset |
| 5 | **endamage** | future | thou | the revenue of the kings |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings EZR.4.13, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:toll:x2:2
# text = (Writings EZR.4.13, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	EZR.4.13	EZR.4.13	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Also we announce to you, that touching any of the priests and Levites, the singers, porters, Nethinim, or servants of this house of God, it shall not be lawful to impose tribute, impost, or toll, upon them. (Writings EZR.7.24, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Also we announce to you, that touching any of the priests and Levites, the singers, porters, Nethinim, or servants of this house of God, it shall not be lawful to impose tribute, impost, or toll, upon them.

<!-- fold The tree, 37 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:toll:x3:1
# text = Also we announce to you, that touching any of the priests and Levites, the singers, porters, Nethinim, or servants of this house of God, it shall not be lawful to impose tribute, impost, or toll, upon them.
1	Also	also	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	announce	announce	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	touching	touch	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
9	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	12	det	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	priests	priest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	Levites	Levite	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	singers	singer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	porters	porter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	Nethinim	Nethinim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	27	det	_	_
27	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
31	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	35	nsubj	_	_
32	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	35	aux	_	_
33	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	35	advmod	_	_
34	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	35	cop	_	_
35	lawful	lawful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
36	to	to	PART	TO	_	37	mark	_	_
37	impose	impose	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	35	csubj	_	_
38	tribute	tribute	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
40	impost	impost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
42	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	43	cc	_	_
43	toll	toll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	46	punct	_	_
45	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
46	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **announce** *speech: other* | present | we | Nethinim | you |  |  | servants of this house of God *obl* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to you=Recipient |
| 2 | **touch** | gerund | we *not said here* | any priests and Levites |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme priest=Co-Theme |
| 3 | **not** **is** | shall | it |  |  |  |  | lawful *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **impose** | to-infinitive |  | tribute and impost or toll |  |  |  |  | vn enforce-63 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tribute=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings EZR.7.24, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:toll:x3:2
# text = (Writings EZR.7.24, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	EZR.7.24	EZR.7.24	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We paid a toll to cross the bridge.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:toll:x4:1
# text = We paid a toll to cross the bridge.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	paid	pay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	toll	toll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	cross	cross	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pay** | past | We | a toll |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toll=Asset |
| 2 | **cross** | to-infinitive | We *not said here* | the bridge |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bridge=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The toll booth had a long queue.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:toll:x5:1
# text = The toll booth had a long queue.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	toll	toll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	booth	booth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	queue	queue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the toll booth | a long queue |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent queue=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The flood's death toll was sadly high.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:toll:x6:1
# text = The flood's death toll was sadly high.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	flood	flood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	toll	toll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	sadly	sadly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the flood's death toll |  |  |  |  | high, sadly *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **toll** |  | the flood |  |  |  |  |  | nom toll «possession transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Late nights took their toll on Dad.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:toll:x7:1
# text = Late nights took their toll on Dad.
1	Late	late	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	nights	night	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	toll	toll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Dad	Dad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | Late nights | their toll |  |  |  | on Dad | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent toll=Theme on dad=Destination |
| 2 | **toll** |  | their *= they* |  |  |  |  |  | nom toll «possession transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The church bell tolled for the old king.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:toll:x8:1
# text = The church bell tolled for the old king.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	church	church	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	bell	bell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	tolled	toll	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **toll** | participle |  | the church bell *not said here* |  |  |  | for the old king | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The toll road costs $4 each way.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:toll:x9:1
# text = The toll road costs $4 each way.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	toll	toll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	costs	cost	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	$	$	SYM	$	_	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
7	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cost** | present | the toll road | each way |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme $=Value |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Call the toll-free number for help.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:toll:x10:1
# text = Call the toll-free number for help.
1	Call	call	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
3	toll	toll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | imperative | you *not said here* | the free number |  |  |  | for help | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent number=Theme for help=Beneficiary |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Cling, clang," tolled the hyacinth bells.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:toll:x11:1
# text = "Cling, clang," tolled the hyacinth bells.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Cling	cling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	clang	clang	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	_
7	tolled	toll	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	hyacinth	hyacinth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	bells	bell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **toll** | past | Cling and clang | the hyacinth bells |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location bell=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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