---
title: travail — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «travail» in the Judaism dictionary: Travail is very hard, tiring work or effort. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# travail

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Travail, Travails, someone, pain, it, twins · **What happens:** be, go through, mean, give, move, come · **To what, where:** difficulties, pain, birth, house, that, womb · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«travail» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 13 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [travail in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/travail.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal, old — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Travail is very hard, tiring work or effort.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:travail:m1:1
# text = Travail is very hard, tiring work or effort.
1	Travail	travail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	very	very	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	tiring	tiring	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	effort	effort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Travail |  |  |  |  | tiring work or effort *obl*; hard *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Travails (plural) are difficulties and troubles someone goes through.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:travail:m2:1
# text = Travails (plural) are difficulties and troubles someone goes through.
1	Travails	travail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
2	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	plural	plural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	difficulties	difficulty	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	troubles	trouble	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
9	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	10	nsubj	_	_
10	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
11	through	through	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Travails | difficulties and troubles |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **go through** | present | someone | difficulties and troubles *not said here* |  |  |  | through *property* | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location difficulty=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"the travails of moving house".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:travail:m2e:1
# text = "the travails of moving house".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	travails	travail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	moving	move	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** *in a quote* | gerund | the travails | house |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent house=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: old, Bible — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Travail can mean the pain and effort of giving birth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:travail:m3:1
# text = Travail can mean the pain and effort of giving birth.
1	Travail	travail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	effort	effort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
9	giving	give	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
10	birth	birth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Travail | the pain and effort |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pain=Topic |
| 2 | **give** | gerund | the pain and effort *not said here* | birth |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent birth=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"a woman in travail".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:travail:m3e:1
# text = "a woman in travail".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	travail	travail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And it came to pass in the time of her travail, that, behold, twins were in her womb. (Torah GEN.38.27, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And it came to pass in the time of her travail, that, behold, twins were in her womb.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:travail:x1:1
# text = And it came to pass in the time of her travail, that, behold, twins were in her womb.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	travail	travail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
17	twins	twin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj	_	_
18	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	womb	womb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | it |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive |  | that |  |  | time |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | past | twins |  |  | her womb |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **travail** |  | her *= she* |  |  |  |  |  | nom travail «state intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.38.27, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:travail:x1:2
# text = (Torah GEN.38.27, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.38.27	GEN.38.27	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And they journeyed from Beth-el; and there was still some way to come to Ephrath; and Rachel travailed, and she had hard labour. (Torah GEN.35.16, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And they journeyed from Beth-el; and there was still some way to come to Ephrath; and Rachel travailed, and she had hard labour.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:travail:x2:1
# text = And they journeyed from Beth-el; and there was still some way to come to Ephrath; and Rachel travailed, and she had hard labour.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	journeyed	journey	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	Beth	Beth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	el	el	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	11	expl	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
12	still	still	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
13	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	14	det	_	_
14	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	acl	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Ephrath	Ephrath	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	Rachel	Rachel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
22	travailed	travail	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
25	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
26	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	advcl	_	_
27	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	labour	labour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **journey** | past | they |  |  | Beth el |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from el=Trajectory |
| 2 | **is a** | past |  | some way |  |  | still |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **come** | to-infinitive | they *not said here* |  |  | Ephrath |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to ephrath=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **travail** | past | Rachel |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **have** | past | Rachel | hard labour |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent labour=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.35.16, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:travail:x2:2
# text = (Torah GEN.35.16, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.35.16	GEN.35.16	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Moses sent messengers from Kadesh unto the king of Edom: 'Thus saith thy brother Israel: Thou knowest all the travail that hath befallen us; (Torah NUM.20.14, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 29 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:travail:x3:1
# text = And Moses sent messengers from Kadesh unto the king of Edom: 'Thus saith thy brother Israel: Thou knowest all the travail that hath befallen us; (Torah NUM.20.14, JPS 1917)
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Moses	Moses	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	messengers	messenger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Kadesh	Kadesh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Edom	edom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
13	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	Thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
16	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
20	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	21	nsubj	_	_
21	knowest	know	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
22	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	24	det:predet	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	travail	travail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
25	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	26	nsubj	_	_
26	hath	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	acl:relcl	_	_
27	befallen	befallen	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	xcomp	_	_
28	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
30	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	nsubj	_	_
32	NUM.20.14	NUM.20.14	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	31	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
34	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	31	conj	_	_
35	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	35	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | Moses | messengers |  | Kadesh |  | unto the king of Edom; 1917 *obl* | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent messenger=Theme from kadesh=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present |  | thy brother |  |  |  | thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent brother=Topic |
| 3 | **know** | present | Thou | all travail |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer travail=Stimulus |
| 4 | **have** | present | all travail |  |  |  |  | befallen *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
See mine affliction and my travail; and forgive all my sins. (Writings PSA.25.18, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* See mine affliction and my travail; and forgive all my sins.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:travail:x4:1
# text = See mine affliction and my travail; and forgive all my sins.
1	See	see	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	mine	my	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	_
3	affliction	affliction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	travail	travail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	forgive	forgive	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
10	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	12	det:predet	_	_
11	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	sins	sin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | imperative | you *not said here* | mine |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **forgive** | infinitive | you *not said here* | my sins |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sin=Theme |
| 3 | **travail** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom travail «state intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.25.18, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:travail:x4:2
# text = (Writings PSA.25.18, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.25.18	PSA.25.18	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For as soon as Zion travailed, she brought forth her children. (Prophets ISA.66.8, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* For as soon as Zion travailed, she brought forth her children.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:travail:x5:1
# text = For as soon as Zion travailed, she brought forth her children.
1	For	for	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	as	as	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	_
4	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	Zion	Zion	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	travailed	travail	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
10	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **travail** | past | Zion |  |  |  |  | soon *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **bring** | past | Zion |  | Zion's children |  |  | forth *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument child=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets ISA.66.8, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:travail:x5:2
# text = (Prophets ISA.66.8, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	ISA.66.8	ISA.66.8	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He hath builded against me, and compassed me with gall and travail. (Writings LAM.3.5, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* He hath builded against me, and compassed me with gall and travail.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:travail:x6:1
# text = He hath builded against me, and compassed me with gall and travail.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	hath	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	builded	builde	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	xcomp	_	_
4	against	against	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	compassed	compass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
9	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	gall	gall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	travail	travail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | He |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **builde** | participle | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  | against me | tree rules |
| 3 | **compass** | past | He *not said here* | me |  |  |  | with gall and travail | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings LAM.3.5, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:travail:x6:2
# text = (Writings LAM.3.5, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	LAM.3.5	LAM.3.5	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After years of travail, they finished the cathedral.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:travail:x7:1
# text = After years of travail, they finished the cathedral.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	travail	travail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	finished	finish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	cathedral	cathedral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **finish** | past | they | the cathedral |  |  | year |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality cathedral=Eventuality |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The book describes the travails of a family crossing the ocean.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:travail:x8:1
# text = The book describes the travails of a family crossing the ocean.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	travails	travail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	crossing	cross	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	ocean	ocean	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **describe** | present | the book | the travails of a family |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent travail=Theme |
| 2 | **cross** | gerund | a family *not said here* | the ocean |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ocean=Patient |
| 3 | **travail** |  | a family |  |  |  |  |  | nom travail «state intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The team's travails continued with another defeat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:travail:x9:1
# text = The team's travails continued with another defeat.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	travails	travail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	continued	continue	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	8	det	_	_
8	defeat	defeat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **continue** | participle |  | the team's travails *not said here* |  |  |  | with another defeat | vn continue-55.3 «NP.eventuality V PP.subeventuality»: agent=Eventuality with defeat=Subeventuality |
| 2 | **travail** |  | the team |  |  |  |  |  | nom travail «state intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the Bible, the woman was in travail before her child was born.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:travail:x10:1
# text = In the Bible, the woman was in travail before her child was born.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Bible	Bible	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	travail	travail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
11	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	born	bear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the woman |  |  | travail |  | in the Bible | tree rules |
| 2 | **bear** | past · passive |  | woman's child |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The farmers travailed in the fields from dawn to dusk. (old)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The farmers travailed in the fields from dawn to dusk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:travail:x11:1
# text = The farmers travailed in the fields from dawn to dusk.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	farmers	farmer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	travailed	travail	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	fields	field	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	dawn	dawn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	dusk	dusk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **travail** | past | the farmers |  |  | the fields | dawn |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (old)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:travail:x11:2
# text = (old)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We laughed about the travails of our camping trip.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:travail:x12:1
# text = We laughed about the travails of our camping trip.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	laughed	laugh	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	about	about	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	travails	travail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	camping	camping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	trip	trip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **laugh** | past | We |  |  |  |  | about the travails of our camping trip | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **travail** |  | our camping trip |  |  |  |  |  | nom travail «state intransitive»: of=agent |
| 3 | **trip** |  | our |  |  |  |  |  | nom trip «act transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The travails of the journey made them tired but proud.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:travail:x13:1
# text = The travails of the journey made them tired but proud.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	travails	travail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	journey	journey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	tired	tired	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
9	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	proud	proud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the travails of the journey | them *= they* |  |  |  | tired *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset they=Product |
| 2 | **travail** |  | the journey |  |  |  |  |  | nom travail «state intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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