---
title: treacherously — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «treacherously» in the Judaism dictionary: In a sly, disloyal way, betraying someone who trusted you. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# treacherously

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** sly disloyal way, they, men, guard, He, fox · **What happens:** betray, trust, be, like, transgress, have · **To what, where:** someone, you, covenant, gate, enemy, friend

<!-- .vabout -->
«treacherously» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [treacherously in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/treacherously.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a sly, disloyal way, betraying someone who trusted you.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:treacherously:m1:1
# text = In a sly, disloyal way, betraying someone who trusted you.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
3	sly	sly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	disloyal	disloyal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	betraying	betray	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
9	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	obj	_	_
10	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
11	trusted	trust	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **betray** | gerund | a sly disloyal way *not said here* | someone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **trust** | past |  | you |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wherefore are all they secure that deal very treacherously? (Prophets JER.12.1, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Wherefore are all they secure that deal very treacherously?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:treacherously:x1:1
# text = Wherefore are all they secure that deal very treacherously?
1	Wherefore	wherefore	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	all	all	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	secure	secure	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	deal	deal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	very	very	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	treacherously	treacherously	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | they |  |  |  |  | all, secure, treacherously, wherefore *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JER.12.1, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:treacherously:x1:2
# text = (Prophets JER.12.1, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JER.12.1	JER.12.1	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The treacherous deal treacherously; yea, the treacherous deal very treacherously. (Prophets ISA.24.16, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The treacherous deal treacherously; yea, the treacherous deal very treacherously.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:treacherously:x2:1
# text = The treacherous deal treacherously; yea, the treacherous deal very treacherously.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	treacherous	treacherous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	deal	deal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	treacherously	treacherously	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	yea	yea	INTJ	UH	_	10	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	treacherous	treacherous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	deal	deal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
11	very	very	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	treacherously	treacherously	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets ISA.24.16, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:treacherously:x2:2
# text = (Prophets ISA.24.16, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	ISA.24.16	ISA.24.16	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But they like men have transgressed the covenant; there have they dealt treacherously against Me. (Prophets HOS.6.7, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* But they like men have transgressed the covenant; there have they dealt treacherously against Me.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:treacherously:x3:1
# text = But they like men have transgressed the covenant; there have they dealt treacherously against Me.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	like	like	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
5	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	transgressed	transgress	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	ccomp	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	covenant	covenant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	11	expl	_	_
11	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	dealt	deal	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	ccomp	_	_
14	treacherously	treacherously	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
15	against	against	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **like** | present | they |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **transgress** | present · perfect | men | the covenant |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **have** | present | they *not said here* |  |  | there |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **deal** | past | men *= man* |  |  |  |  | against Me; treacherously *property* | vn cope-83 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets HOS.6.7, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:treacherously:x3:2
# text = (Prophets HOS.6.7, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	HOS.6.7	HOS.6.7	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The guard treacherously opened the gate to the enemy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:treacherously:x4:1
# text = The guard treacherously opened the gate to the enemy.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	guard	guard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	treacherously	treacherously	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	opened	open	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	gate	gate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **open** | past | the guard | the gate | the enemy |  |  | treacherously *property* | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent gate=Patient to enemy=Recipient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He smiled and then treacherously stabbed his friend.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:treacherously:x5:1
# text = He smiled and then treacherously stabbed his friend.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	smiled	smile	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
4	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	_
5	treacherously	treacherously	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	stabbed	stab	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smile** | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **stab** | past | He *not said here* | his friend |  |  | then | treacherously *property* | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent friend=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The fox treacherously led the hen into a trap.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:treacherously:x6:1
# text = The fox treacherously led the hen into a trap.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	fox	fox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	treacherously	treacherously	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	led	lead	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	hen	hen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	into	into	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	trap	trap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lead** | past | the fox | the hen |  | a trap |  | treacherously *property* | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent hen=Theme into trap=Destination |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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