---
title: turtle — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «turtle» in the Judaism dictionary: A turtle is a reptile with a hard shell on its back that covers its body; many turtles live in the sea or in rivers and ponds. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# turtle

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** turtle, back, many turtles, he, his, one · **What happens:** be, cover, live, use, offer, mean · **To what, where:** reptile, body, sea, turtle, American English, one · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«turtle» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 15 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [turtle in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/turtle.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A turtle is a reptile with a hard shell on its back that covers its body; many turtles live in the sea or in rivers and ponds.

<!-- fold The tree, 27 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:turtle:m1:1
# text = A turtle is a reptile with a hard shell on its back that covers its body; many turtles live in the sea or in rivers and ponds.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	turtle	turtle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	reptile	reptile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	shell	shell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
14	covers	cover	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
15	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
18	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	turtles	turtle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj	_	_
20	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
24	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	rivers	river	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	conj	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	ponds	pond	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a turtle | a reptile |  |  |  | with a hard shell on turtle's back | tree rules |
| 2 | **cover** | present | turtle's back | turtle's body |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme body=Destination |
| 3 | **live** | present | many turtles |  |  | the sea or rivers and ponds |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in sea=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In American English, turtle is often used for any animal with this kind of shell, including tortoises.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:turtle:m2:1
# text = In American English, turtle is often used for any animal with this kind of shell, including tortoises.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	English	English	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	turtle	turtle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
7	often	often	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	11	det	_	_
11	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	14	det	_	_
14	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	shell	shell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	including	including	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	tortoises	tortoise	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present · passive |  | turtle |  | American English |  | for any animal; with this kind of shell; including tortoises; often *property* | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: subject=Theme for animal=Eventuality |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And he shall offer one of the turtle-doves, or of the young pigeons, such as his means suffice for; (Torah LEV.14.30, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:turtle:x1:1
# text = And he shall offer one of the turtle-doves, or of the young pigeons, such as his means suffice for; (Torah LEV.14.30, JPS 1917)
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	offer	offer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	turtle	turtle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	doves	dove	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	pigeons	pigeon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=SCONJ	21	mark	_	_
19	as	as	ADP	IN	_	18	fixed	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
22	suffice	suffice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
23	for	for	ADP	IN	_	22	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	compound	_	_
27	LEV.14.30	LEV.14.30	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
29	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	conj	_	_
30	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	27	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	27	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **offer** | shall | he | one of the turtle doves |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: agent=Agent one=Goal lev.14.30=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  | suffice |  |  |  | of the young pigeons | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent suffice=Topic |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And if his offering to the LORD be a burnt-offering of fowls, then he shall bring his offering of turtle-doves, or of young pigeons. (Torah LEV.1.14, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And if his offering to the LORD be a burnt-offering of fowls, then he shall bring his offering of turtle-doves, or of young pigeons.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:turtle:x2:1
# text = And if his offering to the LORD be a burnt-offering of fowls, then he shall bring his offering of turtle-doves, or of young pigeons.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	offering	offering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
8	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	cop	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	burnt	burnt	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	offering	offering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	fowls	fowl	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	19	advmod	_	_
17	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
18	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	bring	bring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	conj	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	offering	offering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	turtle	turtle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	doves	dove	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
27	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	pigeons	pigeon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | infinitive |  | a burnt offering |  |  |  | to the LORD; of fowls | tree rules |
| 2 | **bring** | shall | he | his offering of turtle doves or young pigeons |  |  | then |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent offering=Theme |
| 3 | **offer** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom offering «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
| 4 | **offer** |  | his *= he* | turtle doves |  |  |  |  | nom offering «communication transitive»: poss=agent of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah LEV.1.14, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:turtle:x2:2
# text = (Torah LEV.1.14, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	LEV.1.14	LEV.1.14	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
and two turtle-doves, or two young pigeons, such as his means suffice for; and the one shall be a sin-offering, and the other a burnt-offering. (Torah LEV.14.22, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* and two turtle-doves, or two young pigeons, such as his means suffice for; and the one shall be a sin-offering, and the other a burnt-offering.

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:turtle:x3:1
# text = and two turtle-doves, or two young pigeons, such as his means suffice for; and the one shall be a sin-offering, and the other a burnt-offering.
1	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
3	turtle	turtle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	doves	dove	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
9	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	pigeons	pigeon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=SCONJ	15	mark	_	_
13	as	as	ADP	IN	_	12	fixed	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
16	suffice	suffice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
17	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
22	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
23	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	27	cop	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
25	sin	sin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	offering	offering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	conj	_	_
32	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
33	burnt	burnt	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	33	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	offering	offering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  | suffice |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent suffice=Topic |
| 2 | **is a** | shall | the one | a sin offering |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  | the one *not said here* | a burnt offering |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah LEV.14.22, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:turtle:x3:2
# text = (Torah LEV.14.22, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	LEV.14.22	LEV.14.22	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
O deliver not the soul of Thy turtle-dove unto the wild beast; forget not the life of Thy poor for ever. (Writings PSA.74.19, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* O deliver not the soul of Thy turtle-dove unto the wild beast; forget not the life of Thy poor for ever.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:turtle:x4:1
# text = O deliver not the soul of Thy turtle-dove unto the wild beast; forget not the life of Thy poor for ever.
1	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	2	discourse	_	_
2	deliver	deliver	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	soul	soul	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	10	nmod:poss	_	_
8	turtle	turtle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	dove	dove	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
11	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	beast	beast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
16	forget	forget	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
17	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	16	advmod	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	nmod	_	_
23	for	for	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **deliver** | imperative | you *not said here* | the soul of Thy turtle dove unto the wild beast |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent soul=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **forget** | infinitive | you *not said here* | the life of Thy poor |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.74.19, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:turtle:x4:2
# text = (Writings PSA.74.19, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.74.19	PSA.74.19	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The flowers appear on the earth; the time of singing is come, and the voice of the turtle is heard in our land; (Writings SNG.2.12, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 27 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:turtle:x5:1
# text = The flowers appear on the earth; the time of singing is come, and the voice of the turtle is heard in our land; (Writings SNG.2.12, JPS 1917)
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	appear	appear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	singing	singing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	turtle	turtle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
21	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux:pass	_	_
22	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	conj	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
27	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	compound	_	_
29	SNG.2.12	SNG.2.12	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
31	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	appos	_	_
32	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	31	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	31	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **appear** | present | the flowers | Writings SNG.2.12 |  | the earth |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on earth=Location |
| 2 | **come** | present · passive |  | the time of singing |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **hear** | present · passive |  | the voice of the turtle |  | our land |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yea, the stork in the heaven knoweth her appointed times; and the turtle and the swallow and the crane observe the time of their coming; but My people know not the ordinance of the LORD. (Prophets JER.8.7, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Yea, the stork in the heaven knoweth her appointed times; and the turtle and the swallow and the crane observe the time of their coming; but My people know not the ordinance of the LORD.

<!-- fold The tree, 35 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:turtle:x6:1
# text = Yea, the stork in the heaven knoweth her appointed times; and the turtle and the swallow and the crane observe the time of their coming; but My people know not the ordinance of the LORD.
1	Yea	yea	INTJ	UH	_	8	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	stork	stork	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	knoweth	know	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	appointed	appoint	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	ccomp	_	_
11	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	turtle	turtle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	swallow	swallow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	crane	crane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
22	observe	observe	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
25	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
26	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
27	coming	come	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	24	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
29	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
30	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	nsubj	_	_
32	know	know	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
33	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	32	advmod	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	ordinance	ordinance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	_
36	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | present | the stork in the heaven |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **appoint** | past | stork |  |  |  | time |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **observe** | present | the turtle and the swallow and the crane |  |  |  | time |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **come** | gerund | turtle | the time *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location time=Theme |
| 5 | **not** **know** | present | My people | the ordinance of the LORD |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer ordinance=Stimulus |
| 6 | **ordain** |  |  | the LORD |  |  |  |  | nom ordinance «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JER.8.7, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:turtle:x6:2
# text = (Prophets JER.8.7, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JER.8.7	JER.8.7	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sea turtle laid her eggs in the sand.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:turtle:x7:1
# text = The sea turtle laid her eggs in the sand.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	turtle	turtle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	laid	lay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | past | the sea turtle | turtle's eggs |  | the sand |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent egg=Theme in sand=Destination |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Turtles pull their heads into their shells.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:turtle:x8:1
# text = Turtles pull their heads into their shells.
1	Turtles	turtle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	pull	pull	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	heads	head	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	shells	shell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pull** | present | Turtles | Turtles's heads |  | Turtles's shells |  |  | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Baby turtles crawl to the sea at night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:turtle:x9:1
# text = Baby turtles crawl to the sea at night.
1	Baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	turtles	turtle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	crawl	crawl	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crawl** | present | Baby turtles |  |  | the sea | night |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to sea=Destination |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A turtle must come up to breathe air.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:turtle:x10:1
# text = A turtle must come up to breathe air.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	turtle	turtle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	up	up	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	breathe	breathe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
8	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come up** | must | a turtle |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **breathe** | to-infinitive | a turtle *not said here* | air |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Theme |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Plastic in the ocean harms turtles.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:turtle:x11:1
# text = Plastic in the ocean harms turtles.
1	Plastic	plastic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	ocean	ocean	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	harms	harm	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	turtles	turtle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **harm** | present | Plastic in the ocean | turtles |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus turtle=Experiencer |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our class pet is a turtle called Speedy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:turtle:x12:1
# text = Our class pet is a turtle called Speedy.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	pet	pet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	turtle	turtle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	Speedy	Speedy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Our class pet | a turtle |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **call** | participle |  | a turtle *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The boat turned turtle in the storm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:turtle:x13:1
# text = The boat turned turtle in the storm.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	turtle	turtle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | past | the boat | turtle |  |  |  | in the storm | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent turtle=Patient in storm=Topic |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Turtles have no teeth but a sharp beak.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:turtle:x14:1
# text = Turtles have no teeth but a sharp beak.
1	Turtles	turtle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	sharp	sharp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	beak	beak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Turtles | no teeth but a sharp beak |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient |

## Example 15 {#x15}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The movement, gentle though it was, woke the turtle.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:turtle:x15:1
# text = The movement, gentle though it was, woke the turtle.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	movement	movement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	gentle	gentle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
5	though	though	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	woke	wake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	turtle	turtle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the movement |  |  |  |  | wake *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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