---
title: understood — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «understood» in the Judaism dictionary: Understood is the past of «understand»: knew or got the meaning of something. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# understood

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Understood past, I, they, Joseph, father, readings · **What happens:** understand, be, know, get, mean, agree · **To what, where:** Understood past, meaning, something, it, own, them · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«understood» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 14 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [understood in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/understood.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Understood is the past of «understand»: knew or got the meaning of something.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:understood:m1:1
# text = Understood is the past of «understand»: knew or got the meaning of something.
1	Understood	understand	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	amod	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	past	past	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	understand	understand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
10	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	meaning	meaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **understand** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | the Understood past |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **understand** *in a quote* | infinitive | the Understood past *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **know** | past | the Understood past |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 5 | **get** | past | the Understood past *not said here* | the meaning of something |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer meaning=Stimulus |
| 6 | **mean** |  |  | something |  |  |  |  | nom meaning «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Understood means known or agreed without being said: «it is understood that…».

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:understood:m2:1
# text = Understood means known or agreed without being said: «it is understood that…».
1	Understood	understand	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	agreed	agree	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
6	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	understood	understand	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	…	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **understand** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **know** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **agree** *speech: agree* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **say** *speech: assert* *not said to happen* | gerund · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S» |
| 6 | **understand** *in a quote* | present · passive |  | it |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Understood» on its own means «I understand and I will do it».

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:understood:m3:1
# text = «Understood» on its own means «I understand and I will do it».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Understood	understand	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	obl	_	_
7	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	understand	understand	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	ccomp	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **understand** *in a quote* | participle |  |  |  | its own |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **understand** *in a quote* | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **do** *in a quote* | future | I | it |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And they knew not that Joseph understood them; for the interpreter was between them. (Torah GEN.42.23, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And they knew not that Joseph understood them; for the interpreter was between them.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:understood:x1:1
# text = And they knew not that Joseph understood them; for the interpreter was between them.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	Joseph	Joseph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	understood	understand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
8	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	interpreter	interpreter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
13	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
14	between	between	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **know** | past | they |  |  |  |  | for the interpreter | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **understand** | past | Joseph | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer they=Stimulus |
| 3 | **is** | past |  |  |  |  |  | between them *= they* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.42.23, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:understood:x1:2
# text = (Torah GEN.42.23, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.42.23	GEN.42.23	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After that our father Abraham had seen, and pondered over, investigated, and understood these things, he designed, engraved, and composed them, and received them into his power (hands). (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* After that our father Abraham had seen, and pondered over, investigated, and understood these things, he designed, engraved, and composed them, and received them into his power (hands).

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:understood:x2:1
# text = After that our father Abraham had seen, and pondered over, investigated, and understood these things, he designed, engraved, and composed them, and received them into his power (hands).
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	obl	_	_
3	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	Abraham	Abraham	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
6	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	pondered	ponder	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
11	over	over	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	investigated	investigate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	understood	understand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
17	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	18	det	_	_
18	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
21	designed	design	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	engraved	engrave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	composed	compose	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	conj	_	_
27	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	received	receive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	parataxis	_	_
31	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	obj	_	_
32	into	into	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
35	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	36	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	36	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past · perfect | our father |  |  |  | after that |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **ponder over** | past | our father *not said here* |  |  |  |  | over *property* | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **investigate** | participle | our father *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **understand** | past | our father *not said here* | this things |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer thing=Stimulus |
| 5 | **design** | past | father |  |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **engrave** | past | father *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **compose** | past | father *not said here* | things *= thing* |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Result |
| 8 | **receive** | past |  | things *= thing* |  | father's power |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:understood:x2:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1887	1887	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The expression בְּלִי\[\]מָה beli\[-\]mah can be understood as either one word or two, with both readings being plausible and perhaps intended, and manuscripts commonly varying between the one- and two-word renditions. (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The expression בְּלִי\[\]מָה beli\[-\]mah can be understood as either one word or two, with both readings being plausible and perhaps intended, and manuscripts commonly varying between the one- and two-word renditions.

<!-- fold The tree, 34 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:understood:x3:1
# text = The expression בְּלִי[]מָה beli[-]mah can be understood as either one word or two, with both readings being plausible and perhaps intended, and manuscripts commonly varying between the one- and two-word renditions.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	expression	expression	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	בְּלִי	בְּלִי	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	מָה	מָה	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	3	conj	_	_
7	beli	beli	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	6	flat:foreign	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	mah	mah	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	_
12	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
13	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	understood	understand	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	either	either	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc:preconj	_	_
17	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	18	nummod	_	_
18	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
22	with	with	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
23	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	24	det	_	_
24	readings	reading	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nsubj	_	_
25	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	26	cop	_	_
26	plausible	plausible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	parataxis	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
28	perhaps	perhaps	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
29	intended	intend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	26	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
32	manuscripts	manuscript	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	nsubj	_	_
33	commonly	commonly	ADV	RB	_	34	advmod	_	_
34	varying	vary	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	advcl	_	_
35	between	between	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
37	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	42	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	37	punct	_	_
39	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
40	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	42	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	40	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	compound	_	_
43	renditions	rendition	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **understand** | can · passive |  | the expression בְּלִי |  |  |  | as one word | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus as word=Attribute |
| 2 | **is** | gerund | both readings |  |  |  |  | plausible *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **intend** | participle | both readings *not said here* |  |  |  |  | perhaps *property* | vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **vary** | gerund | manuscripts |  |  |  |  | between the word renditions; commonly *property* | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:understood:x3:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	Sefaria	Sefaria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
6	community	community	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	translation	translation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Have ye not understood the foundations of the earth? (Prophets ISA.40.21, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Have ye not understood the foundations of the earth?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:understood:x4:1
# text = Have ye not understood the foundations of the earth?
1	Have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	nsubj	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	understood	understand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	ccomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	foundations	foundation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **understand** | past | ye | the foundations of the earth |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer foundation=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets ISA.40.21, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:understood:x4:2
# text = (Prophets ISA.40.21, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	ISA.40.21	ISA.40.21	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
David therefore sent out spies, and understood that Saul was come of a certainty. (Prophets 1SA.26.4, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* David therefore sent out spies, and understood that Saul was come of a certainty.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:understood:x5:1
# text = David therefore sent out spies, and understood that Saul was come of a certainty.
1	David	david	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	spies	spy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	understood	understand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	ccomp	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	certainty	certainty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send out** |  |  | spies |  |  |  | therefore *property* | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spy=Theme |
| 2 | **understand** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 3 | **come** | past · passive |  | Saul |  |  |  | of a certainty | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets 1SA.26.4, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:understood:x5:2
# text = (Prophets 1SA.26.4, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	1SA.26.4	1SA.26.4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lo, mine eye hath seen all this, mine ear hath heard and understood it. (Writings JOB.13.1, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Lo, mine eye hath seen all this, mine ear hath heard and understood it.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:understood:x6:1
# text = Lo, mine eye hath seen all this, mine ear hath heard and understood it.
1	Lo	lo	INTJ	UH	_	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	mine	my	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
5	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	8	det:predet	_	_
8	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	mine	my	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	ear	ear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	hath	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
13	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	xcomp	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	understood	understand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | present · passive |  | mine |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | present | mine |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **hear** | participle | mine *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **understand** | past | mine *not said here* | ear |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings JOB.13.1, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:understood:x6:2
# text = (Writings JOB.13.1, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JOB.13.1	JOB.13.1	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I understood the question the second time.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:understood:x7:1
# text = I understood the question the second time.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	understood	understand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	question	question	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	7	amod	_	_
7	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **understand** | past | I | the question |  |  | time |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer question=Stimulus |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Have you all understood the instructions?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:understood:x8:1
# text = Have you all understood the instructions?
1	Have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	nmod:unmarked	_	_
4	understood	understand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	instructions	instruction	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **understand** | present | you | the instructions |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer instruction=Stimulus |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She finally understood why her friend was sad.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:understood:x9:1
# text = She finally understood why her friend was sad.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	finally	finally	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	understood	understand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **understand** | past | She |  |  |  |  | finally *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is** | past | her friend |  |  |  |  | sad *property* | tree rules |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Be home by six.» «Understood.»

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* «Be home by six.»

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:understood:x10:1
# text = «Be home by six.»
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	cop	_	_
3	home	home	ADV	RB	_	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by six; home *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* «Understood.»

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:understood:x10:2
# text = «Understood.»
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Understood	understood	INTJ	UH	_	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He made himself understood with hand signals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:understood:x11:1
# text = He made himself understood with hand signals.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	2	obj	_	_
4	understood	understand	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	xcomp	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	signals	signal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | He | himself *= he* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **understand** | participle | himself *= he* *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with hand signals | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nobody understood the joke.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:understood:x12:1
# text = Nobody understood the joke.
1	Nobody	nobody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	2	nsubj	_	_
2	understood	understand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	joke	joke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **understand** | past | Nobody | the joke |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer joke=Stimulus |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is understood that phones stay in bags.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:understood:x13:1
# text = It is understood that phones stay in bags.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	understood	understand	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	phones	phone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	stay	stay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	bags	bag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **understand** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus |
| 2 | **stay** | present | phones |  |  | bags |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in bag=Location |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He understood the gypsy woman's meaning now.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:understood:x14:1
# text = He understood the gypsy woman's meaning now.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	understood	understand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	gypsy	gypsy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	meaning	meaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
8	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **understand** | past | He | the gypsy woman's meaning |  |  | now |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer meaning=Stimulus |
| 2 | **mean** |  | the gypsy woman |  |  |  |  |  | nom meaning «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [understand](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/U/understand/)
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- ↑ back to [U in Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/U/)