---
title: vile — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «vile» in the Judaism dictionary: Vile means very nasty, disgusting or bad. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# vile

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Vile, it, They, I, churl, vile prophets · **What happens:** mean, eat, be, not accept, rouse, provoke · **To what, where:** it, vile thing, all, thing, Me, vanities · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«vile» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [vile in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/vile.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Vile means very nasty, disgusting or bad.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:vile:m1:1
# text = Vile means very nasty, disgusting or bad.
1	Vile	Vile	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	very	very	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	nasty	nasty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	disgusting	disgusting	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Vile |  |  |  |  | nasty *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: old use — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Vile can mean of low worth or mean.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:vile:m2:1
# text = Vile can mean of low worth or mean.
1	Vile	Vile	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	low	low	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	_
6	worth	worth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	ccomp	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	mean	mean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Vile |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And if it be eaten at all on the third day, it is a vile thing; it shall not be accepted. (Torah LEV.19.7, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And if it be eaten at all on the third day, it is a vile thing; it shall not be accepted.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:vile:x1:1
# text = And if it be eaten at all on the third day, it is a vile thing; it shall not be accepted.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	eaten	eat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	17	obl	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	third	third	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	11	amod	_	_
11	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	vile	vile	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
19	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj:pass	_	_
20	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
21	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	23	advmod	_	_
22	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	aux:pass	_	_
23	accepted	accept	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | infinitive · passive |  | it |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **is a** | present | it | a vile thing |  | all |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **accept** | shall · passive |  | thing |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah LEV.19.7, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:vile:x1:2
# text = (Torah LEV.19.7, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	LEV.19.7	LEV.19.7	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They have roused Me to jealousy with a no-god; they have provoked Me with their vanities; and I will rouse them to jealousy with a no-people; I will provoke them with a vile nation. (Torah DEU.32.21, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* They have roused Me to jealousy with a no-god; they have provoked Me with their vanities; and I will rouse them to jealousy with a no-people; I will provoke them with a vile nation.

<!-- fold The tree, 36 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:vile:x2:1
# text = They have roused Me to jealousy with a no-god; they have provoked Me with their vanities; and I will rouse them to jealousy with a no-people; I will provoke them with a vile nation.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	roused	rouse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	Me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	jealousy	jealousy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	11	det	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	god	god	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
14	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	provoked	provoke	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
16	Me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	vanities	vanity	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
22	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
23	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	rouse	rouse	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	parataxis	_	_
25	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	obj	_	_
26	to	to	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	jealousy	jealousy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
28	with	with	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
30	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	32	det	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
34	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	36	nsubj	_	_
35	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	36	aux	_	_
36	provoke	provoke	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	conj	_	_
37	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	36	obj	_	_
38	with	with	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
39	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
40	vile	vile	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	41	amod	_	_
41	nation	nation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rouse** | present · perfect | They | Me |  |  |  | to jealousy with a god | vn stimulate-59.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Patient |
| 2 | **provoke** | present · perfect | they | Me |  |  |  | with their vanities | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus i=Experiencer |
| 3 | **rouse** | future | I | vanities *= vanity* |  |  |  | to jealousy with a people | vn stimulate-59.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |
| 4 | **provoke** | future | I | vanities *= vanity* |  |  |  | with a vile nation | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus they=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah DEU.32.21, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:vile:x2:2
# text = (Torah DEU.32.21, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	DEU.32.21	DEU.32.21	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The vile person shall be no more called liberal, nor the churl said to be noble. (Prophets ISA.32.5, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The vile person shall be no more called liberal, nor the churl said to be noble.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:vile:x3:1
# text = The vile person shall be no more called liberal, nor the churl said to be noble.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	vile	vile	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	aux:pass	_	_
6	no	no	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	liberal	liberal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	14	cc	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	churl	churl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
16	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	cop	_	_
17	noble	noble	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | shall · passive |  | the vile person |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the churl |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | noble *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets ISA.32.5, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:vile:x3:2
# text = (Prophets ISA.32.5, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	ISA.32.5	ISA.32.5	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And I will cast detestable things upon thee, and make thee vile, and will make thee as dung. (Prophets NAM.3.6, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And I will cast detestable things upon thee, and make thee vile, and will make thee as dung.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:vile:x4:1
# text = And I will cast detestable things upon thee, and make thee vile, and will make thee as dung.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	cast	cast	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	detestable	detestable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
12	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	11	obj	_	_
13	vile	vile	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
18	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	17	obj	_	_
19	as	as	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	dung	dung	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cast** | future | I | detestable things |  | thee |  |  | vn throw-17.1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent thing=Theme upon thou=Destination |
| 2 | **make** | infinitive | I *not said here* | thee |  |  |  | vile *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset thou=Product |
| 3 | **make** | future | I *not said here* | thee |  |  |  | as dung | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset thou=Product |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets NAM.3.6, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:vile:x4:2
# text = (Prophets NAM.3.6, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	NAM.3.6	NAM.3.6	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thus saith the Lord GOD: Woe unto the vile prophets, that follow their own spirit, and things which they have not seen! (Prophets EZK.13.3, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Thus saith the Lord GOD: Woe unto the vile prophets, that follow their own spirit, and things which they have not seen!

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:vile:x5:1
# text = Thus saith the Lord GOD: Woe unto the vile prophets, that follow their own spirit, and things which they have not seen!
1	Thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	Lord	Lord	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	GOD	GOD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
7	Woe	Woe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	vile	vile	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
14	follow	follow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
15	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
16	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	spirit	spirit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	parataxis	_	_
21	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	25	nsubj:pass	_	_
22	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
23	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
24	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	25	advmod	_	_
25	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present |  | the Lord GOD |  |  |  | unto the vile prophets; Woe *obl*; thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent god=Topic |
| 2 | **follow** | present | the vile prophets | prophets's own spirit |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spirit=Theme |
| 3 | **not** **see** | present · perfect · passive |  | things |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets EZK.13.3, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:vile:x5:2
# text = (Prophets EZK.13.3, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	EZK.13.3	EZK.13.3	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The vile smell came from the bin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:vile:x6:1
# text = The vile smell came from the bin.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	vile	vile	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	smell	smell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bin	bin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the vile smell |  |  | the bin |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from bin=Initial\_Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The lion was angry with the vile gnat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:vile:x7:1
# text = The lion was angry with the vile gnat.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	angry	angry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	vile	vile	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	gnat	gnat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the lion |  |  |  |  | with the vile gnat; angry *property* | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The thief was a vile man who stole from the poor.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:vile:x8:1
# text = The thief was a vile man who stole from the poor.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	thief	thief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	vile	vile	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	stole	steal	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the thief | a vile man |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **steal** | past | a vile man |  |  | the poor |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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