---
title: wailing — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «wailing» in the Judaism dictionary: A long, loud, high cry of pain, sadness or anger. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# wailing

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** pain, Wall, Jewish people, they, Atad, shepherds · **What happens:** cry, complain, be, pray, come, wail · **To what, where:** name, threshing floor, mourning, Zion, we, Hark · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«wailing» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 12 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [wailing in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/wailing.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A long, loud, high cry of pain, sadness or anger.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wailing:m1:1
# text = A long, loud, high cry of pain, sadness or anger.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
2	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	cry	cry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	sadness	sadness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	anger	anger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cry** |  | pain |  |  |  |  |  | nom cry «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A long, high sound like a cry, such as a siren or the wind.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wailing:m2:1
# text = A long, high sound like a cry, such as a siren or the wind.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	like	like	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	cry	cry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	13	case	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	siren	siren	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Complaining loudly and at length.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wailing:m3:1
# text = Complaining loudly and at length.
1	Complaining	complain	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	loudly	loudly	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	length	length	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **complain** *speech: other* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | loudly *property* | vn complain-37.8 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Wailing Wall is a name for the Western Wall in Jerusalem, a holy place where Jewish people pray.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wailing:m4:1
# text = The Wailing Wall is a name for the Western Wall in Jerusalem, a holy place where Jewish people pray.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Wailing	wailing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod:desc	_	_
3	Wall	Wall	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	Western	Western	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	Wall	Wall	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Jerusalem	Jerusalem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	holy	holy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
17	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	20	advmod	_	_
18	Jewish	Jewish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj	_	_
20	pray	pray	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the Wall  Wailing | a name and a holy place |  |  |  | for the Western Wall in Jerusalem | tree rules |
| 2 | **pray** | present | Jewish people |  |  |  |  |  | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And they came to the threshing-floor of Atad, which is beyond the Jordan, and there they wailed with a very great and sore wailing; and he made a mourning for his father seven days. (Torah GEN.50.10, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And they came to the threshing-floor of Atad, which is beyond the Jordan, and there they wailed with a very great and sore wailing; and he made a mourning for his father seven days.

<!-- fold The tree, 35 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wailing:x1:1
# text = And they came to the threshing-floor of Atad, which is beyond the Jordan, and there they wailed with a very great and sore wailing; and he made a mourning for his father seven days.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	threshing	threshing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	floor	floor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Atad	Atad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	16	nsubj	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
14	beyond	beyond	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	Jordan	Jordan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
19	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	21	expl	_	_
20	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
21	wailed	wail	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
22	with	with	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
24	very	very	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
25	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	sore	sore	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	conj	_	_
28	wailing	wailing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
31	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
32	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
33	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	mourning	mourning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	_
35	for	for	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	37	nmod:poss	_	_
37	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nmod	_	_
38	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	39	nummod	_	_
39	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | they |  |  | the threshing floor of Atad |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to floor=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **is** | present | Atad |  |  |  |  | beyond the Jordan | tree rules |
| 3 | **wail** | past | they |  |  | there |  | with a great wailing | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with wailing=Theme |
| 4 | **make** | past | Atad | a mourning |  |  | day | for Atad's father | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent mourning=Product for father=Beneficiary |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.50.10, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wailing:x1:2
# text = (Torah GEN.50.10, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.50.10	GEN.50.10	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For a voice of wailing is heard out of Zion: 'How are we undone! (Prophets JER.9.18, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* For a voice of wailing is heard out of Zion: 'How are we undone!

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wailing:x2:1
# text = For a voice of wailing is heard out of Zion: 'How are we undone!
1	For	for	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	wailing	wailing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	out	out	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Zion	Zion	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
12	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	16	advmod	_	_
14	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux:pass	_	_
15	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	undone	undo	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear out** | present · passive |  | Zion |  |  |  | for a voice of wailing | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: zion=Stimulus |
| 2 | **undo** | present · passive |  | we |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JER.9.18, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wailing:x2:2
# text = (Prophets JER.9.18, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JER.9.18	JER.9.18	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hark! the cry of the shepherds, and the wailing of the leaders of the flock! (Prophets JER.25.36, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Hark! the cry of the shepherds, and the wailing of the leaders of the flock!

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wailing:x3:1
# text = Hark! the cry of the shepherds, and the wailing of the leaders of the flock!
1	Hark	Hark	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	cry	cry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	shepherds	shepherd	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	wailing	wailing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	leaders	leader	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	flock	flock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cry** |  | the shepherds |  |  |  |  |  | nom cry «communication intransitive»: of=agent |
| 2 | **wail** |  | the leaders of the flock |  |  |  |  |  | nom wailing «act intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets JER.25.36, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wailing:x3:2
# text = (Prophets JER.25.36, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	JER.25.36	JER.25.36	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hark! the wailing of the shepherds, for their glory is spoiled; Hark! the roaring of young lions, for the thickets of the Jordan are spoiled. (Prophets ZEC.11.3, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Hark! the wailing of the shepherds, for their glory is spoiled; Hark! the roaring of young lions, for the thickets of the Jordan are spoiled.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wailing:x4:1
# text = Hark! the wailing of the shepherds, for their glory is spoiled; Hark! the roaring of young lions, for the thickets of the Jordan are spoiled.
1	Hark	Hark	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	wailing	wailing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	shepherds	shepherd	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
10	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	glory	glory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	spoiled	spoil	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
15	Hark	Hark	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	roaring	roaring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	lions	lion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
23	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	30	mark	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	thickets	thicket	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	nsubj:pass	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	Jordan	Jordan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
29	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	aux:pass	_	_
30	spoiled	spoil	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spoil** | present · passive |  | Hark |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **spoil** | present · passive |  | the thickets of the Jordan |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **wail** |  | the shepherds |  |  |  |  |  | nom wailing «act intransitive»: of=agent |
| 4 | **glory** |  | shepherds *= shepherd* |  |  |  |  |  | nom glory «state intransitive»: poss=agent |
| 5 | **roar** |  | young lions |  |  |  |  |  | nom roaring «event intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets ZEC.11.3, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wailing:x4:2
# text = (Prophets ZEC.11.3, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	ZEC.11.3	ZEC.11.3	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The baby was wailing in the middle of the night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wailing:x5:1
# text = The baby was wailing in the middle of the night.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	wailing	wail	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	middle	middle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wail** | past · progressive | the baby |  |  | the middle of the night |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in middle=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We heard the wailing of a fire engine's siren.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wailing:x6:1
# text = We heard the wailing of a fire engine's siren.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	wailing	wailing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	engine	engine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	's	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	siren	siren	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | We | the wailing of a fire engine's siren |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer wailing=Stimulus |
| 2 | **wail** |  | a fire engine's siren |  |  |  |  |  | nom wailing «act intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The wind was wailing around the old house.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wailing:x7:1
# text = The wind was wailing around the old house.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	wailing	wail	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	around	around	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wail** | past · progressive | the wind |  |  | the old house |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme around house=Location |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There was wailing and crying when the dog ran away.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wailing:x8:1
# text = There was wailing and crying when the dog ran away.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	wailing	wail	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	crying	cry	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	conj	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
10	away	away	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past |  |  |  | there |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **wail** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **cry** *speech: express* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **run away** | past | the dog |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stop wailing about your homework and just start it!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wailing:x9:1
# text = Stop wailing about your homework and just start it!
1	Stop	stop	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	wailing	wail	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	xcomp	_	_
3	about	about	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	homework	homework	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	just	just	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	start	start	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **wail** | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | about your homework | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about homework=Topic |
| 3 | **start** | infinitive | you *not said here* | homework |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
People pray at the Western Wall, also called the Wailing Wall.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wailing:x10:1
# text = People pray at the Western Wall, also called the Wailing Wall.
1	People	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	pray	pray	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	Western	Western	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	Wall	Wall	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	also	also	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	Wailing	wailing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod:desc	_	_
12	Wall	Wall	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pray** | present | People |  |  | the Western Wall |  |  | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |
| 2 | **call** | participle | People *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ghost in the story made a terrible wailing sound.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wailing:x11:1
# text = The ghost in the story made a terrible wailing sound.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ghost	ghost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	terrible	terrible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	wailing	wailing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the ghost in the story | a terrible wailing sound |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sound=Product |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In one of the houses he heard cries and wailing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wailing:x12:1
# text = In one of the houses he heard cries and wailing.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	obl	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	houses	house	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	cries	cry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	wailing	wailing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | he | cries and wailing |  |  |  | in one of the houses | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer cry=Stimulus |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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