---
title: warfare — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «warfare» in the Judaism dictionary: Warfare is fighting in a war, or the way a war is fought. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# warfare

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Warfare, He, it, Twelve, Philistines, people · **What happens:** fight, make, be, arrange, order, stand · **To what, where:** war, these, provinces, battle, three friends, three enemies

<!-- .vabout -->
«warfare» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 12 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [warfare in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/warfare.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Warfare is fighting in a war, or the way a war is fought.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warfare:m1:1
# text = Warfare is fighting in a war, or the way a war is fought.
1	Warfare	warfare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	fighting	fight	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl:unmarked	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	fought	fight	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fight** | present · progressive | Warfare |  |  | a war |  |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **fight** | present · passive |  | a war |  |  |  | the way *obl:unmarked* | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He made these, as it were provinces, and arranged them as in order of battle for warfare. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* He made these, as it were provinces, and arranged them as in order of battle for warfare.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warfare:x1:1
# text = He made these, as it were provinces, and arranged them as in order of battle for warfare.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	these	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	provinces	province	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	arranged	arrange	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
12	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	as	as	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	for	for	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	warfare	warfare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | He | these |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Product |
| 2 | **is** | past | it |  |  |  |  | as provinces | tree rules |
| 3 | **arrange** | past | He *not said here* | provinces *= province* |  |  |  | as order of battle for warfare | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Product |
| 4 | **order** |  |  | battle for warfare |  |  |  |  | nom order «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warfare:x1:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1893	1893	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Twelve stand as in warfare; three are friends, three are enemies; three are life givers; three are destroyers. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The Twelve stand as in warfare; three are friends, three are enemies; three are life givers; three are destroyers.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warfare:x2:1
# text = The Twelve stand as in warfare; three are friends, three are enemies; three are life givers; three are destroyers.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Twelve	twelve	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stand	stand	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	as	as	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	warfare	warfare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
8	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
13	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
14	enemies	enemy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
16	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	19	nummod	_	_
17	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
18	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	givers	giver	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
21	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	23	nummod	_	_
22	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
23	destroyers	destroyer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | present | the Twelve |  |  |  |  | as warfare | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | three friends and three enemies |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | present |  | three enemies |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **is a** | present |  | three life givers |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **is a** | present |  | three destroyers |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warfare:x2:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1893	1893	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He made them as a conflict, drew them up like a wall; and set one against the other as in warfare. (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* He made them as a conflict, drew them up like a wall; and set one against the other as in warfare.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warfare:x3:1
# text = He made them as a conflict, drew them up like a wall; and set one against the other as in warfare.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	as	as	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	conflict	conflict	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	drew	draw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	up	up	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
11	like	like	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	set	set	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
17	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	16	obj	_	_
18	against	against	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	obl	_	_
21	as	as	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	warfare	warfare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | He | them *= they* |  |  |  | as a conflict | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Product |
| 2 | **draw up** | past | He *not said here* | them *= they* |  |  |  | like a wall | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 3 | **set** | past | He *not said here* | one |  | the other |  | as warfare | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent one=Theme against other=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warfare:x3:2
# text = (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Kalisch	Kalisch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	1877	1877	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And it came to pass in those days, that the Philistines gathered their hosts together for warfare, to fight with Israel. (Prophets 1SA.28.1, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And it came to pass in those days, that the Philistines gathered their hosts together for warfare, to fight with Israel.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warfare:x4:1
# text = And it came to pass in those days, that the Philistines gathered their hosts together for warfare, to fight with Israel.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	8	det	_	_
8	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Philistines	Philistine	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
13	gathered	gather	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
14	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	hosts	host	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
16	together	together	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
17	for	for	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	warfare	warfare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	fight	fight	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
22	with	with	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | it |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  | day |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **gather** | past | the Philistines | Philistines's hosts |  |  |  | for warfare; together *property* | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent host=Theme for warfare=Beneficiary |
| 4 | **fight** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with Israel | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with israel=Co-Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets 1SA.28.1, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warfare:x4:2
# text = (Prophets 1SA.28.1, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	1SA.28.1	1SA.28.1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thy people offer themselves willingly in the day of thy warfare; in adornments of holiness, from the womb of the dawn, thine is the dew of thy youth. (Writings PSA.110.3, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Thy people offer themselves willingly in the day of thy warfare; in adornments of holiness, from the womb of the dawn, thine is the dew of thy youth.

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warfare:x5:1
# text = Thy people offer themselves willingly in the day of thy warfare; in adornments of holiness, from the womb of the dawn, thine is the dew of thy youth.
1	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	offer	offer	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	3	obj	_	_
5	willingly	willingly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	warfare	warfare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	adornments	adornment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	parataxis	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	holiness	holiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	from	from	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	womb	womb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	dawn	dawn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
25	thine	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	28	nmod:poss	_	_
26	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	cop	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	dew	dew	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	youth	youth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **offer** | present | Thy people | people |  |  | day | willingly *property* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent themselves=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Thy people *not said here* | thine dew |  |  |  | of thy youth | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.110.3, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warfare:x5:2
# text = (Writings PSA.110.3, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.110.3	PSA.110.3	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Warfare changed when guns were invented.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warfare:x6:1
# text = Warfare changed when guns were invented.
1	Warfare	warfare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	changed	change	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
4	guns	gun	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	invented	invent	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | past | Warfare |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **invent** | past · passive |  | guns |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ancient warfare used swords and shields.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warfare:x7:1
# text = Ancient warfare used swords and shields.
1	Ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	warfare	warfare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	amod	_	_
4	swords	sword	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	shields	shield	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Chemical warfare is banned.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warfare:x8:1
# text = Chemical warfare is banned.
1	Chemical	chemical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	warfare	warfare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	banned	ban	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ban** | present · passive |  | Chemical warfare |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The book is about warfare at sea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warfare:x9:1
# text = The book is about warfare at sea.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	about	about	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	warfare	warfare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the book |  |  | sea |  | about warfare | tree rules |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Warfare causes great suffering.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warfare:x10:1
# text = Warfare causes great suffering.
1	Warfare	warfare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	causes	cause	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	suffering	suffering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | present | Warfare | great suffering |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition suffering=Patient |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Knights trained for warfare.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warfare:x11:1
# text = Knights trained for warfare.
1	Knights	knight	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	trained	train	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	warfare	warfare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **train** | participle · passive |  | Knights |  |  |  | for warfare | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the above-described warfare, if a Pygmy chanced to pluck out a crane's tail feather, it proved a very great feather in his cap.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warfare:x12:1
# text = In the above-described warfare, if a Pygmy chanced to pluck out a crane's tail feather, it proved a very great feather in his cap.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
3	above	above	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	described	describe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
6	warfare	warfare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	Pygmy	pygmy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
11	chanced	chance	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	pluck	pluck	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	xcomp	_	_
14	out	out	ADP	RP	_	13	compound:prt	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	crane	crane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	's	's	PART	POS	_	16	case	_	_
18	tail	tail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	feather	feather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
21	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	proved	prove	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
24	very	very	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
25	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	feather	feather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
27	in	in	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	cap	cap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	22	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **describe** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **chance** | participle |  | a Pygmy *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn risk-94-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **pluck out** | to-infinitive |  | a crane's tail feather |  |  |  |  | vn braid-41.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent feather=Patient |
| 4 | **prove** | past | feather | a great feather |  | the described warfare and a Pygmy |  | in his cap | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent feather=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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