---
title: warn — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «warn» in the Judaism dictionary: To warn someone means to tell them about a danger or problem before it happens, so they can be careful or avoid it. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# warn

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** it, danger, someone, they, them, great reward · **What happens:** warn, mean, tell, happen, be, avoid · **To what, where:** someone, them, problem, something, sword, land · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«warn» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 12 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [warn in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/warn.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To warn someone means to tell them about a danger or problem before it happens, so they can be careful or avoid it.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warn:m1:1
# text = To warn someone means to tell them about a danger or problem before it happens, so they can be careful or avoid it.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	warn	warn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	csubj	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	iobj	_	_
8	about	about	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	danger	danger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	problem	problem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
13	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	happens	happen	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
17	so	so	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
19	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
20	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	cop	_	_
21	careful	careful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
22	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	avoid	avoid	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	conj	_	_
24	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warn** *speech: warn* | to-infinitive |  |  | someone |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent someone=Recipient |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **tell** *speech: assert* *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  | them *= they* |  |  | about a danger or problem | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent they=Recipient about danger=Topic |
| 4 | **happen** | present | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **is** | can | danger |  |  |  |  | careful *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **avoid** | infinitive | danger *not said here* | problem |  |  |  |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent it=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To warn someone to do or not to do something means to strongly advise them.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warn:m2:1
# text = To warn someone to do or not to do something means to strongly advise them.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	warn	warn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	csubj	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
10	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	obj	_	_
11	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
13	strongly	strongly	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	advise	advise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	ccomp	_	_
15	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warn** *speech: warn* | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP how S\_INF»: agent=Agent someone=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** | to-infinitive | someone *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **do** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |
| 4 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **advise** *speech: other* *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | them *= they* |  |  |  | strongly *property* | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To warn can mean to tell someone what will happen if they keep doing something wrong.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warn:m3:1
# text = To warn can mean to tell someone what will happen if they keep doing something wrong.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	warn	warn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	csubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	obj	_	_
8	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	10	nsubj	_	_
9	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	happen	happen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	ccomp	_	_
11	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	keep	keep	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
14	doing	do	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	xcomp	_	_
15	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	14	obj	_	_
16	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warn** *speech: warn* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | can |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **tell** *speech: assert* *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP what S»: agent=Agent someone=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 4 | **happen** | future |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **keep** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | they |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **do** | gerund | they *not said here* | something |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Moreover by them is Thy servant warned; in keeping of them there is great reward. (Writings PSA.19.12, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Moreover by them is Thy servant warned; in keeping of them there is great reward.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warn:x1:1
# text = Moreover by them is Thy servant warned; in keeping of them there is great reward.
1	Moreover	moreover	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
2	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
3	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	servant	servant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
7	warned	warn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
10	keeping	keep	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	ccomp	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obl	_	_
13	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	14	expl	_	_
14	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	ccomp	_	_
15	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	reward	reward	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | by Thy servant | tree rules |
| 2 | **warn** *speech: warn* | past |  |  |  |  |  | moreover *property* | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **keep** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | of them *= they* | tree rules |
| 4 | **be** | present | great reward |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.19.12, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warn:x1:2
# text = (Writings PSA.19.12, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.19.12	PSA.19.12	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
if, when he seeth the sword come upon the land, he blow the horn, and warn the people; (Prophets EZK.33.3, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warn:x2:1
# text = if, when he seeth the sword come upon the land, he blow the horn, and warn the people; (Prophets EZK.33.3, JPS 1917)
1	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	seeth	see	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	blow	blow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	parataxis	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	horn	horn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	warn	warn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	conj	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	parataxis	_	_
25	EZK.33.3	EZK.33.3	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
27	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	flat	_	_
28	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	25	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	24	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | he | the sword |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer sword=Stimulus |
| 2 | **come** | present |  |  |  | the land |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon land=Location |
| 3 | **blow** | infinitive | he | the horn |  |  |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent horn=Patient |
| 4 | **warn** *speech: warn* | infinitive | he *not said here* |  | the people |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent people=Recipient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the king of Israel sent to the place which the man of God told him and warned him of; and he guarded himself there, not once nor twice. (Prophets 2KI.6.10, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And the king of Israel sent to the place which the man of God told him and warned him of; and he guarded himself there, not once nor twice.

<!-- fold The tree, 29 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warn:x3:1
# text = And the king of Israel sent to the place which the man of God told him and warned him of; and he guarded himself there, not once nor twice.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	obj	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
15	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
16	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	iobj	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	warned	warn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
19	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
23	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	guarded	guard	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
25	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	24	obj	_	_
26	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	24	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
28	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	29	advmod	_	_
29	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	24	obl	_	_
30	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	31	cc	_	_
31	twice	twice	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	29	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | the king of Israel |  |  | the place |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to place=Destination |
| 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | the man of God | the place | king |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient which=Topic |
| 3 | **warn** *speech: warn* | past | the man of God *not said here* |  | king |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient |
| 4 | **guard** | past | man | king |  | there |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Beneficiary |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets 2KI.6.10, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warn:x3:2
# text = (Prophets 2KI.6.10, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	2KI.6.10	2KI.6.10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sign warned us that the ice was thin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warn:x4:1
# text = The sign warned us that the ice was thin.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	warned	warn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	thin	thin	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warn** *speech: warn* | past | the sign |  | us |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent we=Recipient |
| 2 | **is** | past | the ice |  |  |  |  | thin *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum warned me not to touch the hot oven.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warn:x5:1
# text = Mum warned me not to touch the hot oven.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	warned	warn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	iobj	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	touch	touch	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	oven	oven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warn** *speech: warn* | past | Mum |  | me |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP how S\_INF»: agent=Agent i=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **touch** | to-infinitive |  | the hot oven |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme oven=Co-Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The smoke alarm warns you if there is a fire.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warn:x6:1
# text = The smoke alarm warns you if there is a fire.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	alarm	alarm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	warns	warn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	8	expl	_	_
8	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warn** *speech: warn* | present | the smoke alarm |  | you |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent you=Recipient |
| 2 | **be** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | a fire |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher gave him a warning for talking.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warn:x7:1
# text = The teacher gave him a warning for talking.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	warning	warning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	talking	talk	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | the teacher | a warning | him *= he* |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient warning=Theme |
| 2 | **talk** | gerund | a warning *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A growling dog is warning you to stay away.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warn:x8:1
# text = A growling dog is warning you to stay away.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	growling	growling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	warning	warn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	stay	stay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
9	away	away	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warn** *speech: warn* | present · progressive | a growling dog |  | you |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP how S\_INF»: agent=Agent you=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **stay away** | to-infinitive | a growling dog *not said here* |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The storm came without warning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warn:x9:1
# text = The storm came without warning.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	without	without	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	warning	warning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the storm |  |  |  |  | without warning | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I warned my friend about the broken step.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warn:x10:1
# text = I warned my friend about the broken step.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	warned	warn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	about	about	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	step	step	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warn** *speech: warn* | past | I |  | my friend |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP PP.topic»: agent=Agent friend=Recipient about step=Topic |
| 2 | **break** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Read the warning label before using any cleaning spray.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warn:x11:1
# text = Read the warning label before using any cleaning spray.
1	Read	read	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	warning	warning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	label	label	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	using	use	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	advcl	_	_
7	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	9	det	_	_
8	cleaning	cleaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	spray	spray	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | imperative | you *not said here* | the warning label |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent label=Topic |
| 2 | **use** | gerund | you *not said here* | any cleaning spray |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spray=Patient |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Don't go to Paris!" the old clergyman warned her.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:warn:x12:1
# text = "Don't go to Paris!" the old clergyman warned her.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	go	go	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Paris	Paris	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	clergyman	clergyman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	warned	warn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
13	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **go** *in a quote* | imperative · do-support | Paris *not said here* |  | Paris |  |  |  | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **warn** *speech: warn* | past | the old clergyman |  | Paris |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent she=Recipient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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