---
title: waste — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «waste» in the Judaism dictionary: Waste is rubbish: things that are thrown away because they are not wanted. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# waste

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** waste, you, Waste land, land, we, Nophah · **What happens:** be, throw away, not want, use, waste, mean · **To what, where:** Waste rubbish, things, something, more, land, We · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«waste» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 15 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [waste in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/waste.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Waste is rubbish: things that are thrown away because they are not wanted.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:waste:m1:1
# text = Waste is rubbish: things that are thrown away because they are not wanted.
1	Waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	rubbish	rubbish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
5	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	thrown	throw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl:relcl	_	_
9	away	away	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
12	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
14	wanted	want	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | Waste rubbish and things |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **throw away** | present · passive |  | things |  |  |  | away *property* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **not** **want** | present · passive |  | things *= thing* |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A waste is something used badly or for nothing: a waste of time, a waste of money.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:waste:m2:1
# text = A waste is something used badly or for nothing: a waste of time, a waste of money.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
5	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	badly	badly	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a waste | something |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | for nothing; badly *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To waste means to use more than you need, or to use something for nothing.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:waste:m3:1
# text = To waste means to use more than you need, or to use something for nothing.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	waste	waste	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	use	use	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	obj	_	_
7	than	than	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	use	use	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
14	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	13	obj	_	_
15	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **waste** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **use** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | more |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent more=Patient |
| 4 | **need** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |
| 5 | **use** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  | for nothing | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent something=Theme for nothing=Eventuality |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Waste land is land that is empty and not used.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:waste:m4:1
# text = Waste land is land that is empty and not used.
1	Waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	empty	empty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	acl:relcl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Waste land | land |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | land |  |  |  |  | empty *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **use** | participle | land *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We have shot at them — Heshbon is perished — even unto Dibon, and we have laid waste even unto Nophah, which reacheth unto Medeba. (Torah NUM.21.30, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* We have shot at them — Heshbon is perished — even unto Dibon, and we have laid waste even unto Nophah, which reacheth unto Medeba.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:waste:x1:1
# text = We have shot at them — Heshbon is perished — even unto Dibon, and we have laid waste even unto Nophah, which reacheth unto Medeba.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	shot	shoot	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
6	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
7	Heshbon	Heshbon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	perished	perish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	_
10	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	even	even	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
12	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Dibon	Dibon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
16	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	laid	lay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	conj	_	_
19	waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
20	even	even	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
21	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	Nophah	Nophah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	25	nsubj	_	_
25	reacheth	reach	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	acl:relcl	_	_
26	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	Medeba	Medeba	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shoot** | present · perfect · passive |  | We |  |  |  | at them *= they* | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: subject=Theme at they=Destination |
| 2 | **perish** | present · passive |  | Heshbon |  |  |  | unto Dibon | tree rules |
| 3 | **lay** | present · perfect | we | waste |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent waste=Result |
| 4 | **reach** | present | Nophah |  |  |  |  | unto Medeba | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah NUM.21.30, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:waste:x1:2
# text = (Torah NUM.21.30, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	NUM.21.30	NUM.21.30	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And I will make your cities a waste, and will bring your sanctuaries unto desolation, and I will not smell the savour of your sweet odours. (Torah LEV.26.31, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And I will make your cities a waste, and will bring your sanctuaries unto desolation, and I will not smell the savour of your sweet odours.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:waste:x2:1
# text = And I will make your cities a waste, and will bring your sanctuaries unto desolation, and I will not smell the savour of your sweet odours.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	bring	bring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
13	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	sanctuaries	sanctuary	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
15	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	desolation	desolation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
19	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
20	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
21	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	22	advmod	_	_
22	smell	smell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	savour	savour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
27	sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	odours	odour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | future | I | your cities |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset city=Beneficiary waste=Product |
| 2 | **bring** | future | I *not said here* | your sanctuaries |  |  |  | unto desolation | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent sanctuary=Theme |
| 3 | **not** **smell** | future | I | the savour of your sweet odours |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer savour=Stimulus |
| 4 | **savour** |  |  | your sweet odours |  |  |  |  | nom savour «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah LEV.26.31, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:waste:x2:2
# text = (Torah LEV.26.31, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	LEV.26.31	LEV.26.31	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And you will I scatter among the nations, and I will draw out the sword after you; and your land shall be a desolation, and your cities shall be a waste. (Torah LEV.26.33, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And you will I scatter among the nations, and I will draw out the sword after you; and your land shall be a desolation, and your cities shall be a waste.

<!-- fold The tree, 31 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:waste:x3:1
# text = And you will I scatter among the nations, and I will draw out the sword after you; and your land shall be a desolation, and your cities shall be a waste.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
3	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	scatter	scatter	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	among	among	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	nations	nation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	draw	draw	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
14	out	out	ADP	RP	_	13	compound:prt	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
17	after	after	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
21	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	_
23	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
24	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	cop	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	desolation	desolation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
29	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	30	nmod:poss	_	_
30	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	nsubj	_	_
31	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	_
32	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	34	cop	_	_
33	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **scatter** | future | you |  |  | the nations |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent among nation=Destination |
| 2 | **draw out** | future | I | the sword |  |  | after you |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sword=Theme |
| 3 | **is a** | shall | your land | a desolation |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **is a** | shall | your cities | a waste |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah LEV.26.33, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:waste:x3:2
# text = (Torah LEV.26.33, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	LEV.26.33	LEV.26.33	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For they have devoured Jacob, and laid waste his habitation. (Writings PSA.79.7, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* For they have devoured Jacob, and laid waste his habitation.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:waste:x4:1
# text = For they have devoured Jacob, and laid waste his habitation.
1	For	for	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	devoured	devour	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	Jacob	Jacob	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	laid	lay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
9	waste	waste	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	ccomp	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	habitation	habitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **devour** | present · perfect | they | Jacob |  |  |  |  | vn devour-39.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent jacob=Patient |
| 2 | **lay** | past | they *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **waste** | infinitive | they *not said here* | Jacob's habitation |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent habitation=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings PSA.79.7, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:waste:x4:2
# text = (Writings PSA.79.7, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	PSA.79.7	PSA.79.7	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Howl, ye ships of Tarshish, for your stronghold is laid waste. (Prophets ISA.23.14, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Howl, ye ships of Tarshish, for your stronghold is laid waste.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:waste:x5:1
# text = Howl, ye ships of Tarshish, for your stronghold is laid waste.
1	Howl	howl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	nsubj	_	_
4	ships	ship	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Tarshish	Tarshish	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	stronghold	stronghold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	laid	lay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	amod	_	_
13	waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ship** |  | ye |  |  |  |  | of Tarshish | tree rules |
| 2 | **lay** | present · passive |  | your stronghold |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets ISA.23.14, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:waste:x5:2
# text = (Prophets ISA.23.14, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	ISA.23.14	ISA.23.14	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
With kings and counsellors of the earth, who built up waste places for themselves; (Writings JOB.3.14, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:waste:x6:1
# text = With kings and counsellors of the earth, who built up waste places for themselves; (Writings JOB.3.14, JPS 1917)
1	With	with	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	kings	king	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	counsellors	counsellor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	built	build	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
11	up	up	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
12	waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
14	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
17	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	appos	_	_
19	JOB.3.14	JOB.3.14	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	flat	_	_
22	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	19	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	18	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build up** | past | the earth | waste places |  |  |  | for places *= place* | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer place=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He wasted 20 minutes waiting.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:waste:x7:1
# text = He wasted 20 minutes waiting.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wasted	waste	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	minutes	minute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	compound	_	_
5	waiting	waiting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **waste** | past | He | minutes waiting |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent waiting=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The family makes 5 kg of waste a week.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:waste:x8:1
# text = The family makes 5 kg of waste a week.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	kg	kg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | the family | 5 kg of waste |  |  | week |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset kg=Product |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Of 10 m of cloth, 1 m is waste.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:waste:x9:1
# text = Of 10 m of cloth, 1 m is waste.
1	Of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	m	m	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	m	M	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | m waste |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Do not waste paper.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:waste:x10:1
# text = Do not waste paper.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	waste	waste	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **waste** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | paper |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent paper=Patient |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Put the waste in the right recycling bin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:waste:x11:1
# text = Put the waste in the right recycling bin.
1	Put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	recycling	recycling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	bin	bin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | imperative | you *not said here* | the waste |  | the right recycling bin |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent waste=Theme in bin=Destination |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Do not let the food go to waste.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:waste:x12:1
# text = Do not let the food go to waste.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **let** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | the food |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **go** | infinitive | the food *not said here* |  |  | waste |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to waste=Initial\_Location |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Arguing about it is a waste of time.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:waste:x13:1
# text = Arguing about it is a waste of time.
1	Arguing	argue	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	csubj	_	_
2	about	about	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	obl	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **argue** *speech: disagree* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | about it | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V PP.theme S»: agent=Agent about it=Topic |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Arguing | a waste |  |  | time |  | tree rules |

## Example 14 {#x14}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Turning off the tap while brushing your teeth saves wasted water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:waste:x14:1
# text = Turning off the tap while brushing your teeth saves wasted water.
1	Turning	turn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	csubj	_	_
2	off	off	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	tap	tap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	brushing	brush	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	advcl	_	_
7	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	saves	save	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	wasted	waste	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	amod	_	_
11	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn off** | gerund |  | the tap |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent tap=Patient |
| 2 | **brush** | gerund |  | your teeth |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent tooth=Theme |
| 3 | **save** | present | Turning | wasted water |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme |
| 4 | **waste** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 15 {#x15}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But there is no time to waste.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:waste:x15:1
# text = But there is no time to waste.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	3	expl	_	_
3	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	5	det	_	_
5	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	waste	waste	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | no time |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **waste** | to-infinitive | no time *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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- ↑ back to [W in Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/W/)