---
title: widowhood — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «widowhood» in the Judaism dictionary: The time or state of being a widow. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# widowhood

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** she, their, thou, reproach · **What happens:** be, arise, go away, put off, put, shut up · **To what, where:** veil, garments, they, Neither, thou, shame

<!-- .vabout -->
«widowhood» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [widowhood in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/widowhood.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The time or state of being a widow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:widowhood:m1:1
# text = The time or state of being a widow.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	widow	widow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | of a widow | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And she arose, and went away, and put off her veil from her, and put on the garments of her widowhood. (Torah GEN.38.19, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* And she arose, and went away, and put off her veil from her, and put on the garments of her widowhood.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:widowhood:x1:1
# text = And she arose, and went away, and put off her veil from her, and put on the garments of her widowhood.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	arose	arise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
7	away	away	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	_
11	off	off	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	veil	veil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
19	on	on	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	garments	garment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	widowhood	widowhood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arise** | past | she |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **go away** | past | she *not said here* |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **put off** | participle | she *not said here* | her veil |  |  |  | from her *= she* | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent veil=Goal |
| 4 | **put** | participle | she *not said here* |  |  | the garments of her widowhood |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent on garment=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Torah GEN.38.19, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:widowhood:x1:2
# text = (Torah GEN.38.19, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	GEN.38.19	GEN.38.19	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
So they were shut up unto the day of their death, in widowhood, with their husband alive. (Prophets 2SA.20.3, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* So they were shut up unto the day of their death, in widowhood, with their husband alive.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:widowhood:x2:1
# text = So they were shut up unto the day of their death, in widowhood, with their husband alive.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	shut	shut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	widowhood	widowhood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	with	with	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
17	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	husband	husband	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
19	alive	alive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shut up** | past · passive |  | they |  |  | day |  | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **die** |  | their *= they* |  |  |  |  |  | nom death «event intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets 2SA.20.3, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:widowhood:x2:2
# text = (Prophets 2SA.20.3, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	2SA.20.3	2SA.20.3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Neither be thou confounded, for thou shalt not be put to shame; for thou shalt forget the shame of thy youth, and the reproach of thy widowhood shalt thou remember no more. (Prophets ISA.54.4, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Neither be thou confounded, for thou shalt not be put to shame; for thou shalt forget the shame of thy youth, and the reproach of thy widowhood shalt thou remember no more.

<!-- fold The tree, 32 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:widowhood:x3:1
# text = Neither be thou confounded, for thou shalt not be put to shame; for thou shalt forget the shame of thy youth, and the reproach of thy widowhood shalt thou remember no more.
1	Neither	neither	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	nsubj	_	_
4	confounded	confound	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
6	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
7	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
10	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	shame	shame	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
16	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	18	nsubj	_	_
17	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	forget	forget	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	conj	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	shame	shame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	youth	youth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	reproach	reproach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nsubj	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	30	nmod:poss	_	_
30	widowhood	widowhood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
31	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	33	aux	_	_
32	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	33	nsubj	_	_
33	remember	remember	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
34	no	no	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	_
35	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	33	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **confound** | infinitive · passive |  | Neither |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |
| 2 | **not** **put** | shall · passive |  | thou |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **shame** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **forget** | shall | thou | the shame of thy youth |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **remember** | shall | the reproach of thy widowhood | more |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent more=Theme |
| 6 | **shame** |  |  | thy youth |  |  |  |  | nom shame «feeling transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets ISA.54.4, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:widowhood:x3:2
# text = (Prophets ISA.54.4, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	ISA.54.4	ISA.54.4	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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