---
title: wile — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «wile» in the Judaism dictionary: Wiles are clever tricks or charming ways used to persuade or fool someone. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/W/wile/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/) / [W](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/W/) / wile

# wile

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Wiles, clever tricks, ways, fox, guard, cat · **What happens:** be, charm, use, persuade, fool, trick · **To what, where:** clever tricks, someone, wiles, crow, her, extra treat

<!-- .vabout -->
«wile» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [wile in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/wile.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wiles are clever tricks or charming ways used to persuade or fool someone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wile:m1:1
# text = Wiles are clever tricks or charming ways used to persuade or fool someone.
1	Wiles	wile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	clever	clever	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	tricks	trick	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	charming	charm	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
7	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	ccomp	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	persuade	persuade	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	fool	fool	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	_
13	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Wiles | clever tricks |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **charm** | gerund | clever tricks *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **use** | past | ways |  |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **persuade** | to-infinitive | ways *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **fool** | infinitive | ways *not said here* | someone |  |  |  |  | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The fox used all his wiles to trick the crow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wile:x1:1
# text = The fox used all his wiles to trick the crow.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	fox	fox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	6	det:predet	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	wiles	wile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	trick	trick	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	crow	crow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | the fox | fox's wiles |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wile=Patient |
| 2 | **trick** | to-infinitive | the fox *not said here* | the crow |  |  |  |  | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crow=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Despite her wiles, the guard did not let her in.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wile:x2:1
# text = Despite her wiles, the guard did not let her in.
1	Despite	despite	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	wiles	wile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	guard	guard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
7	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
10	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **let in** | past · do-support | the guard | her *= she* |  |  |  | despite her wiles | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cat used its wiles to get an extra treat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wile:x3:1
# text = The cat used its wiles to get an extra treat.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	wiles	wile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	extra	extra	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	treat	treat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | the cat | cat's wiles |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wile=Patient |
| 2 | **get** | to-infinitive | the cat *not said here* | a extra treat |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer treat=Stimulus |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Odysseus was famous for his wiles.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wile:x4:1
# text = Odysseus was famous for his wiles.
1	Odysseus	Odysseus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	wiles	wile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Odysseus |  |  |  |  | for Odysseus's wiles; famous *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He fell for the trickster's wiles.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wile:x5:1
# text = He fell for the trickster's wiles.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	trickster	trickster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	wiles	wile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | past | He |  |  |  |  | for the trickster's wiles | vn long-32.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Pivot for wile=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only have a care of that money-lender, for even magic is not proof against their wiles!"

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wile:x6:1
# text = Only have a care of that money-lender, for even magic is not proof against their wiles!"
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	care	care	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	9	det	_	_
7	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	lender	lender	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
12	even	even	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
13	magic	magic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
15	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	16	advmod	_	_
16	proof	proof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	_
17	against	against	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	wiles	wile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | imperative | you *not said here* | a care of that money lender |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent care=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **is** | present | magic |  |  |  |  | for proof; against their wiles | tree rules |
| 3 | **care** |  | that money lender |  |  |  |  |  | nom care «act intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [wilderness](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/W/wilderness/)
- next →: [will](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/W/will/)
- ↑ back to [W in Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/W/)