---
title: wit — Judaism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «wit» in the Judaism dictionary: Wit is the ability to say clever and funny things quickly. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# wit

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Wit, person, Wits, old formal way, that, you · **What happens:** be, say, think, keep, wit, get · **To what, where:** ability, clever things, person, wits, old formal way, thee · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«wit» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 12 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [wit in the Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/judaism/w/wit.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wit is the ability to say clever and funny things quickly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wit:m1:1
# text = Wit is the ability to say clever and funny things quickly.
1	Wit	wit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	ability	ability	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl	_	_
7	clever	clever	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	funny	funny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	_
10	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
11	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Wit | the ability |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive |  | clever things |  |  |  | quickly *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent thing=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A wit is a person who is clever and funny with words.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wit:m2:1
# text = A wit is a person who is clever and funny with words.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wit	wit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	clever	clever	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	acl:relcl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	funny	funny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a wit | a person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | a person |  |  |  |  | with words; clever *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  | a person *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wits (plural) are your ability to think clearly and quickly: «keep your wits about you».

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wit:m3:1
# text = Wits (plural) are your ability to think clearly and quickly: «keep your wits about you».
1	Wits	wit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
2	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	plural	plural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	ability	ability	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	think	think	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	acl	_	_
10	clearly	clearly	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
14	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
16	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	wits	wit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
18	about	about	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Wits | your ability |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **think** *speech: other* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | clearly *property* | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **keep** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | your wits |  |  |  | about you | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent wit=Theme about you=Location |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: old — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«To wit» is an old, formal way of saying «that is to say» or «namely».

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wit:m4:1
# text = «To wit» is an old, formal way of saying «that is to say» or «namely».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	To	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
3	wit	wit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	csubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
7	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
9	formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
12	saying	say	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	acl	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	17	nsubj:outer	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	namely	namely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wit** *in a quote* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | a old formal way |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | a old formal way *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **is** *in a quote* | present | that |  |  |  |  | say *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Get thee an associate, and look into it together, you will then understand." At once, Abraham went to his teacher Shem. and stayed wit him three years. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Get thee an associate, and look into it together, you will then understand."

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wit:x1:1
# text = Get thee an associate, and look into it together, you will then understand."
1	Get	get	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	1	obj	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	associate	associate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	look	look	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
8	into	into	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	_
10	together	together	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
13	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
14	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	15	advmod	_	_
15	understand	understand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | imperative | you *not said here* | thee |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent thou=Beneficiary associate=Theme |
| 2 | **look** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | into associate; together *property* | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent into it=Theme |
| 3 | **understand** | future | you |  |  |  | then |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* At once, Abraham went to his teacher Shem. and stayed wit him three years.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wit:x1:2
# text = At once, Abraham went to his teacher Shem. and stayed wit him three years.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Abraham	Abraham	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	Shem	Shem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
13	wit	wit	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obl	_	_
15	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
16	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | Abraham |  |  |  |  | to Abraham's teacher | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to teacher=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **stay** | past | Abraham *not said here* |  |  |  | year | wit Abraham | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wit:x1:3
# text = (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Mordell	Mordell	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Origin	Origin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	Numerals	numeral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	case	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
13	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	flat	_	_
14	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	1914	1914	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	list	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	))	))	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Shaharaim begot children in the field of Moab, after he had sent them away, to wit, Hushim and Baara his wives; (Writings 1CH.8.8, JPS 1917)

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wit:x2:1
# text = And Shaharaim begot children in the field of Moab, after he had sent them away, to wit, Hushim and Baara his wives; (Writings 1CH.8.8, JPS 1917)
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Shaharaim	Shaharaim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	begot	beget	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Moab	Moab	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	parataxis	_	_
15	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
16	away	away	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	wit	wit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	Hushim	Hushim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	Baara	Baara	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	_
24	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	wives	wife	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	28	punct	_	_
27	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
29	1CH.8.8	1CH.8.8	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	28	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
31	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	appos	_	_
32	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	31	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	31	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **beget** | past | Shaharaim | children |  | the field of Moab |  | Writings *obl* | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent child=Patient |
| 2 | **send away** | past · perfect | Shaharaim | children *= child* |  |  |  | away *property* | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 3 | **wit** | to-infinitive | Shaharaim *not said here* | Hushim and Baara |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
to wit, the prophets of Israel that prophesy concerning Jerusalem, and that see visions of peace for her, and there is no peace, saith the Lord GOD. (Prophets EZK.13.16, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* to wit, the prophets of Israel that prophesy concerning Jerusalem, and that see visions of peace for her, and there is no peace, saith the Lord GOD.

<!-- fold The tree, 27 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wit:x3:1
# text = to wit, the prophets of Israel that prophesy concerning Jerusalem, and that see visions of peace for her, and there is no peace, saith the Lord GOD.
1	to	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	wit	wit	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	prophesy	prophesy	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
10	concerning	concern	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	case	_	_
11	Jerusalem	Jerusalem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	15	nsubj	_	_
15	see	see	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
16	visions	vision	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	peace	peace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
19	for	for	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
23	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	24	expl	_	_
24	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
25	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	26	det	_	_
26	peace	peace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
28	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	acl:relcl	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
30	Lord	Lord	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	31	compound	_	_
31	GOD	GOD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wit** | to-infinitive |  | the prophets of Israel |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **prophesy** | present | the prophets of Israel |  |  |  |  | concern Jerusalem | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **concern** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **see** | present | that | visions of peace for Jerusalem |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer vision=Stimulus |
| 5 | **be** | present | no peace |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | no peace *not said here* | the Lord GOD |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent god=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Prophets EZK.13.16, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wit:x3:2
# text = (Prophets EZK.13.16, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	EZK.13.16	EZK.13.16	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then Amaziah separated them, to wit, the army that was come to him out of Ephraim, to go back home; wherefore their anger was greatly kindled against Judah, and they returned home in fierce anger. (Writings 2CH.25.10, JPS 1917)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Then Amaziah separated them, to wit, the army that was come to him out of Ephraim, to go back home; wherefore their anger was greatly kindled against Judah, and they returned home in fierce anger.

<!-- fold The tree, 35 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wit:x4:1
# text = Then Amaziah separated them, to wit, the army that was come to him out of Ephraim, to go back home; wherefore their anger was greatly kindled against Judah, and they returned home in fierce anger.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	Amaziah	Amaziah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	separated	separate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	wit	wit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	acl:relcl	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	_
16	out	out	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Ephraim	Ephraim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
22	back	back	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
23	home	home	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	30	punct	_	_
25	wherefore	wherefore	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	30	advmod	_	_
26	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	27	nmod:poss	_	_
27	anger	anger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj:pass	_	_
28	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	aux:pass	_	_
29	greatly	greatly	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
30	kindled	kindle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
31	against	against	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
35	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	36	nsubj	_	_
36	returned	return	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
37	home	home	ADV	RB	_	36	advmod	_	_
38	in	in	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	fierce	fierce	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	40	amod	_	_
40	anger	anger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **separate** | past | Amaziah | them *= they* |  |  | then |  | vn separate-23.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |
| 2 | **wit** | to-infinitive | Amaziah *not said here* | the army |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | past | the army |  | Amaziah | Ephraim |  | come *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **go back** | to-infinitive | Amaziah *not said here* |  |  |  |  | home *property* | vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **kindle** | past · passive |  | their anger |  |  |  | against Judah; greatly, wherefore *property* | vn engender-27.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 6 | **return** | past | they |  |  | fierce anger |  | home *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 7 | **anger** |  | their *= they* |  |  |  |  |  | nom anger «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Writings 2CH.25.10, JPS 1917)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wit:x4:2
# text = (Writings 2CH.25.10, JPS 1917)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	2CH.25.10	2CH.25.10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her quick wit made the whole class laugh.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wit:x5:1
# text = Her quick wit made the whole class laugh.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	quick	quick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	wit	wit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	laugh	laugh	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | Her quick wit | the whole class |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **laugh** | infinitive | the whole class *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Oscar Wilde was a famous wit.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wit:x6:1
# text = Oscar Wilde was a famous wit.
1	Oscar	Oscar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	Wilde	Wilde	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	wit	wit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Oscar | a famous wit |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Keep your wits about you when crossing busy roads.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wit:x7:1
# text = Keep your wits about you when crossing busy roads.
1	Keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	wits	wit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	about	about	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	1	obl	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
7	crossing	cross	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	advcl	_	_
8	busy	busy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	roads	road	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | imperative | you *not said here* | your wits |  |  |  | about you | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent wit=Theme about you=Location |
| 2 | **cross** | gerund | you *not said here* | busy roads |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent road=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum was at her wits' end when the dog ran away.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wit:x8:1
# text = Mum was at her wits' end when the dog ran away.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	wits	wit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	'	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
12	away	away	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Mum |  |  |  | at her wits's end |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **run away** | past | the dog |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ghost story scared me out of my wits.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wit:x9:1
# text = The ghost story scared me out of my wits.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	ghost	ghost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	scared	scare	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	wits	wit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **scare** | past | the ghost story | me |  | my wits |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus i=Experiencer |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The puzzle was a real battle of wits.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wit:x10:1
# text = The puzzle was a real battle of wits.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	puzzle	puzzle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	wits	wit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the puzzle | a real battle |  |  |  | of wits | tree rules |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
(old, formal) There were three winners, to wit: Ava, Ben and Chloe.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wit:x11:1
# text = (old, formal) There were three winners, to wit: Ava, Ben and Chloe.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
6	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	7	expl	_	_
7	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	advcl	_	_
8	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	winners	winner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	wit	wit	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
14	Ava	Ava	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	Ben	Ben	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	Chloe	Chloe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | old |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **wit** | to-infinitive |  | Ava and Ben and Chloe |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Gathering his wits together, he said:

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:judaism:wit:x12:1
# text = Gathering his wits together, he said:
1	Gathering	gather	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
2	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	wits	wit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	together	together	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gather** | gerund | he *not said here* | his wits |  |  |  | together *property* | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wit=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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- ↑ back to [W in Judaism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/W/)