---
title: heap — mysticism dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «heap» in the mysticism dictionary: A heap is a big untidy pile of things on top of each other. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# heap

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** heap, Heaps, place value, that, you, note · **What happens:** be, mean, heap, fill, carry, fold · **To what, where:** big untidy pile, lot, pile, something, ten, heap · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«heap» in the mysticism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 13 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [heap in the mysticism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/mysticism/w/heap.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A heap is a big untidy pile of things on top of each other.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:mysticism:heap:m1:1
# text = A heap is a big untidy pile of things on top of each other.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	heap	heap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	untidy	untidy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	pile	pile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	nmod	_	_
14	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a heap | a big untidy pile |  |  |  | of things on top of each | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Heaps of something means a lot of it (informal, very common in Australia and New Zealand).

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:mysticism:heap:m2:1
# text = Heaps of something means a lot of it (informal, very common in Australia and New Zealand).
1	Heaps	heap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	nmod	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nmod	_	_
9	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	informal	informal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	very	very	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	New	New	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	flat	_	_
18	Zealand	Zealand	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Heaps of something | a lot of lot |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Topic |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To heap is to put things in a pile, or to fill something with a lot, like a heaped spoon.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:mysticism:heap:m3:1
# text = To heap is to put things in a pile, or to fill something with a lot, like a heaped spoon.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	heap	heap	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	pile	pile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	fill	fill	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
14	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	13	obj	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	like	like	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	heaped	heap	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	22	amod	_	_
22	spoon	spoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heap** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  | a pile |  | put *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **fill** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  | with a lot | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent something=Patient with lot=Instrument |
| 4 | **heap** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
With no zero there is no place value, no carrying, no "ten" that folds a heap of strokes into one sign. (note 11)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* With no zero there is no place value, no carrying, no "ten" that folds a heap of strokes into one sign.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:mysticism:heap:x1:1
# text = With no zero there is no place value, no carrying, no "ten" that folds a heap of strokes into one sign.
1	With	with	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	3	det	_	_
3	zero	zero	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
4	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	5	expl	_	_
5	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	8	det	_	_
7	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	value	value	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	11	det	_	_
11	carrying	carry	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	15	det	_	_
14	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	_
17	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
18	folds	fold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	parataxis	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	heap	heap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	strokes	stroke	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nmod	_	_
23	into	into	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	25	nummod	_	_
25	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | no place value |  |  | there |  | with no zero | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **carry** | gerund | no place value *not said here* | no ten |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **fold** | present | that | a heap of strokes |  |  |  | into one sign *result* | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent heap=Patient into sign=Result |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (note 11)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:mysticism:heap:x1:2
# text = (note 11)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	note	note	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	11	11	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **note** | imperative | you *not said here* | 11 |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent 11=Topic |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A heap contains parts. (note 15)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A heap contains parts.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:mysticism:heap:x2:1
# text = A heap contains parts.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	heap	heap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	contains	contain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contain** | present | a heap | parts |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot part=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (note 15)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:mysticism:heap:x2:2
# text = (note 15)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	note	note	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	15	15	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The note says with no zero there is no place value, no carrying and no "ten" that folds a heap of strokes into one sign, so every step is longer than the last. (lesson 023)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The note says with no zero there is no place value, no carrying and no "ten" that folds a heap of strokes into one sign, so every step is longer than the last.

<!-- fold The tree, 33 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:mysticism:heap:x3:1
# text = The note says with no zero there is no place value, no carrying and no "ten" that folds a heap of strokes into one sign, so every step is longer than the last.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	note	note	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	6	det	_	_
6	zero	zero	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
7	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	8	expl	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
9	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	11	det	_	_
10	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	value	value	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	14	det	_	_
14	carrying	carry	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	acl	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
16	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	18	det	_	_
17	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	_
20	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	21	nsubj	_	_
21	folds	fold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	parataxis	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	heap	heap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	strokes	stroke	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nmod	_	_
26	into	into	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	28	nummod	_	_
28	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
30	so	so	ADV	RB	_	34	advmod	_	_
31	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	32	det	_	_
32	step	step	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nsubj	_	_
33	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	34	cop	_	_
34	longer	long	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	21	parataxis	_	_
35	than	than	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the note |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | no place value |  |  |  | with no zero | tree rules |
| 3 | **carry** | gerund | no place value *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **fold** | present | that | a heap of strokes |  |  |  | into one sign *result* | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent heap=Patient into sign=Result |
| 5 | **is** | present | every step |  |  |  |  | than the last; long *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (lesson 023)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:mysticism:heap:x3:2
# text = (lesson 023)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	lesson	lesson	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	023	023	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A heap contains parts; a whole contains relations between the parts and a memory that they belong together, and no single fragment can supply that memory. A token knows itself, a dependency its two endpoints, a frame an event, a rule a transformation, a test whether one claim survived; none of them alone knows the system. (lesson 027)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A heap contains parts; a whole contains relations between the parts and a memory that they belong together, and no single fragment can supply that memory.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:mysticism:heap:x4:1
# text = A heap contains parts; a whole contains relations between the parts and a memory that they belong together, and no single fragment can supply that memory.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	heap	heap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	contains	contain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	nsubj	_	_
8	contains	contain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
9	relations	relation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
10	between	between	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	memory	memory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
16	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
17	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	belong	belong	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	advcl	_	_
19	together	together	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
22	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	24	det	_	_
23	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	fragment	fragment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	_
25	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	supply	supply	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
27	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	28	det	_	_
28	memory	memory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contain** | present | a heap | parts |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot part=Theme |
| 2 | **contain** | present | a whole | relations |  |  |  | between the parts and a memory | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot relation=Theme |
| 3 | **belong** | present | parts *= part* |  |  |  |  | together *property* | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **supply** | can | no single fragment | that memory |  |  |  |  | vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent memory=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* A token knows itself, a dependency its two endpoints, a frame an event, a rule a transformation, a test whether one claim survived; none of them alone knows the system.

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:mysticism:heap:x4:2
# text = A token knows itself, a dependency its two endpoints, a frame an event, a rule a transformation, a test whether one claim survived; none of them alone knows the system.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	token	token	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	knows	know	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	dependency	dependency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	endpoints	endpoint	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	frame	frame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
14	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	event	event	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	rule	rule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	transformation	transformation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	appos	_	_
24	whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
25	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	26	nummod	_	_
26	claim	claim	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
27	survived	survive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	33	punct	_	_
29	none	none	PRON	NN	PronType=Neg	33	nsubj	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nmod	_	_
32	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
33	knows	know	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	system	system	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | present | a token | token |  |  |  | a dependency  token's two endpoints and a frame *obl* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer itself=Stimulus |
| 2 | **survive** | past | one claim | a test *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme test=Circumstance |
| 3 | **know** | present | none | the system |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer system=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* (lesson 027)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:mysticism:heap:x4:3
# text = (lesson 027)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	lesson	lesson	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	027	027	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There is a heap of 40 stones.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:mysticism:heap:x5:1
# text = There is a heap of 40 stones.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	heap	heap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	40	40	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | a heap of 40 stones |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He moved 15 stones from the heap.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:mysticism:heap:x6:1
# text = He moved 15 stones from the heap.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	moved	move	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	15	15	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	heap	heap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | past | He | 15 stones |  | the heap |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent stone=Theme from heap=Trajectory |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Two heaps have 25 and 30 apples.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:mysticism:heap:x7:1
# text = Two heaps have 25 and 30 apples.
1	Two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	heaps	heap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	25	25	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	30	30	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	conj	_	_
7	apples	apple	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Two heaps | 25 apples |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent apple=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She heaps 3 more spoons of sugar.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:mysticism:heap:x8:1
# text = She heaps 3 more spoons of sugar.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	heaps	heap	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
4	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	amod	_	_
5	spoons	spoon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	sugar	sugar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heap** | present | She | 3 more spoons of sugar |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent spoon=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My clothes were in a heap on the floor.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:mysticism:heap:x9:1
# text = My clothes were in a heap on the floor.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	clothes	clothes	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	6	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	heap	heap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	floor	floor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | My clothes |  |  | a heap |  | on the floor | tree rules |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We put the leaves on the compost heap.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:mysticism:heap:x10:1
# text = We put the leaves on the compost heap.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	compost	compost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	heap	heap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | past | We | the leaves |  | the compost heap |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Theme on heap=Destination |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thanks heaps for your help!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:mysticism:heap:x11:1
# text = Thanks heaps for your help!
1	Thanks	thanks	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	heaps	heap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom help «act transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dog jumped into the heap of leaves.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:mysticism:heap:x12:1
# text = The dog jumped into the heap of leaves.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	jumped	jump	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	heap	heap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jump** | past | the dog |  |  |  |  | into the heap of leaves *result* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into heap=Result |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They divided the money into three heaps.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:mysticism:heap:x13:1
# text = They divided the money into three heaps.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	divided	divide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	heaps	heap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **divide** | past | They | the money |  | three heaps |  |  | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the mysticism dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [godmother](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/mysticism/G/godmother/)
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- ↑ back to [H in mysticism dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/mysticism/H/)