---
title: abbreviated — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «abbreviated» in the school dictionary: Abbreviated means made shorter, especially a word or phrase written in a short form: «Mr» is the abbreviated form of «Mister». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/abbreviated/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [A](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/) / abbreviated

# abbreviated

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Mr, We · **What happens:** abbreviate, mean, make, write, be, shorten · **To what, where:** phrase, short form, abbreviated form, Centimetre, Doctor, abbreviated version · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«abbreviated» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [abbreviated in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/abbreviated.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Abbreviated means made shorter, especially a word or phrase written in a short form: «Mr» is the abbreviated form of «Mister».

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:abbreviated:m1:1
# text = Abbreviated means made shorter, especially a word or phrase written in a short form: «Mr» is the abbreviated form of «Mister».
1	Abbreviated	abbreviate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	_
4	shorter	short	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	phrase	phrase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
17	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	Mr	Mr	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	_
20	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	abbreviated	abbreviate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	amod	_	_
23	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	Mister	mister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **abbreviate** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **make** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | short *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 4 | **write** | participle |  | phrase *not said here* |  | a short form |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in form=Destination |
| 5 | **abbreviate** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 6 | **is a** | present | Mr | the abbreviated form |  |  |  | of Mister | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Abbreviated can mean shortened in time or length: an abbreviated version of the story.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:abbreviated:m2:1
# text = Abbreviated can mean shortened in time or length: an abbreviated version of the story.
1	Abbreviated	abbreviate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	shortened	shorten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	xcomp	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	length	length	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
10	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	abbreviated	abbreviate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	amod	_	_
12	version	version	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **abbreviate** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **mean** | can |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **shorten** *not said to happen* | participle |  |  |  |  | time |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **abbreviate** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Centimetre» is abbreviated to «cm».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:abbreviated:x1:1
# text = «Centimetre» is abbreviated to «cm».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Centimetre	centimetre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	abbreviated	abbreviate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	cm	cm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **abbreviate** | present · passive |  | Centimetre |  |  |  | to cm | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Doctor» is often abbreviated as «Dr».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:abbreviated:x2:1
# text = «Doctor» is often abbreviated as «Dr».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
5	often	often	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	abbreviated	abbreviate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	Dr	Dr	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **abbreviate** | present · passive |  | Doctor |  |  |  | as Dr; often *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We watched an abbreviated version of the film.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:abbreviated:x3:1
# text = We watched an abbreviated version of the film.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	watched	watch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	abbreviated	abbreviate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	version	version	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **watch** | past | We | a abbreviated version of the film |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent version=Theme |
| 2 | **abbreviate** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The United Kingdom is abbreviated to UK.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:abbreviated:x4:1
# text = The United Kingdom is abbreviated to UK.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	United	United	PROPN	NNP	_	3	flat	_	_
3	Kingdom	Kingdom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	abbreviated	abbreviate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	UK	UK	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **abbreviate** | present · passive |  | the United Kingdom | UK |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In maths, «kilogram» is abbreviated to «kg».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:abbreviated:x5:1
# text = In maths, «kilogram» is abbreviated to «kg».
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	maths	math	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	kilogram	kilogram	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	abbreviated	abbreviate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	kg	kg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **abbreviate** | present · passive |  | kilogram |  | maths |  | to kg | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sunday is sometimes abbreviated to «Sun.».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:abbreviated:x6:1
# text = Sunday is sometimes abbreviated to «Sun.».
1	Sunday	Sunday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	4	advmod	_	_
4	abbreviated	abbreviate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	Sun.	Sunday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **abbreviate** | present · passive |  | Sunday |  |  | sunday | sometimes *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [abbot](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/abbot/)
- next →: [abbreviation](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/abbreviation/)
- ↑ back to [A in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/)