---
title: abnormal — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «abnormal» in the school dictionary: Not normal or not usual, different from what is expected, often in a way that is worrying. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# abnormal

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** way, It, doctor, X ray, We, abnormal heartbeat · **What happens:** expect, worry, be, say, show, have · **To what, where:** nothing, warm weather, sign, abnormal yellow spots, leaves, noise · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«abnormal» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [abnormal in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/abnormal.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Not normal or not usual, different from what is expected, often in a way that is worrying.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:abnormal:m1:1
# text = Not normal or not usual, different from what is expected, often in a way that is worrying.
1	Not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	normal	normal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	usual	usual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	obl	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	expected	expect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	often	often	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	_
17	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	worrying	worry	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	16	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **expect** | present · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S» |
| 2 | **worry** | present · progressive | a way |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: science, medicine — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Outside the healthy or typical range, like an abnormal heartbeat or an abnormal test result.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:abnormal:m2:1
# text = Outside the healthy or typical range, like an abnormal heartbeat or an abnormal test result.
1	Outside	outside	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
3	healthy	healthy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	typical	typical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
6	range	range	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	abnormal	abnormal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	heartbeat	heartbeat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
13	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
14	abnormal	abnormal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
15	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	result	result	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was abnormal for the dog to be so quiet.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:abnormal:x1:1
# text = It was abnormal for the dog to be so quiet.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	abnormal	abnormal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
8	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	cop	_	_
9	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	quiet	quiet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | It |  |  |  |  | for the dog; abnormal *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | quiet *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The doctor said the X-ray showed nothing abnormal.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:abnormal:x2:1
# text = The doctor said the X-ray showed nothing abnormal.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	X	x	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	ray	ray	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
9	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	8	obj	_	_
10	abnormal	abnormal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the doctor |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **show** | past | the X ray | nothing |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent nothing=Recipient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We had abnormally warm weather for winter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:abnormal:x3:1
# text = We had abnormally warm weather for winter.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	abnormally	abnormally	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | We | warm weather |  |  | winter | abnormally *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent weather=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An abnormal heartbeat can be a sign of illness.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:abnormal:x4:1
# text = An abnormal heartbeat can be a sign of illness.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	abnormal	abnormal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	heartbeat	heartbeat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	illness	illness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | can | a abnormal heartbeat | a sign |  |  |  | of illness | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
One abnormal reading was much bigger than all the others.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:abnormal:x5:1
# text = One abnormal reading was much bigger than all the others.
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
2	abnormal	abnormal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	reading	reading	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	much	much	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	bigger	big	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
7	than	than	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	10	det:predet	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | One abnormal reading |  |  |  |  | than all others; big *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The plant had abnormal yellow spots on its leaves.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:abnormal:x6:1
# text = The plant had abnormal yellow spots on its leaves.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	abnormal	abnormal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	spots	spot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the plant | abnormal yellow spots |  | plant's leaves |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spot=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum thought the noise from the car was abnormal and took it to the garage.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:abnormal:x7:1
# text = Mum thought the noise from the car was abnormal and took it to the garage.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	thought	think	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	noise	noise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	abnormal	abnormal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	ccomp	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	garage	garage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **think** *speech: other* | past | Mum | the noise |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot noise=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | the car |  |  |  |  | abnormal *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **take** | past | Mum *not said here* | car |  | the garage |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme to garage=Destination |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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