---
title: abortion — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «abortion» in the school dictionary: An abortion is a medical operation or treatment that ends a pregnancy on purpose, so a baby is not born. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# abortion

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** abortion, treatment, attempt, adults, people, abortion rights · **What happens:** be, end, not bear, mean, fail, stop · **To what, where:** medical operation, pregnancy, purpose, baby, plan, medical topic

<!-- .vabout -->
«abortion» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [abortion in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/abortion.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An abortion is a medical operation or treatment that ends a pregnancy on purpose, so a baby is not born.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:abortion:m1:1
# text = An abortion is a medical operation or treatment that ends a pregnancy on purpose, so a baby is not born.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	abortion	abortion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	medical	medical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	operation	operation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	treatment	treatment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	ends	end	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	pregnancy	pregnancy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	purpose	purpose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
16	so	so	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj:pass	_	_
19	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux:pass	_	_
20	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	21	advmod	_	_
21	born	bear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a abortion | a medical operation or treatment |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **end** | present | treatment | a pregnancy |  | purpose |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality pregnancy=Eventuality |
| 3 | **not** **bear** | present · passive |  | a baby |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal, rare — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An abortion can mean a plan or attempt that fails and is stopped early.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:abortion:m2:1
# text = An abortion can mean a plan or attempt that fails and is stopped early.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	abortion	abortion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	plan	plan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	attempt	attempt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	fails	fail	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	stopped	stop	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	conj	_	_
14	early	early	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | a abortion | a plan or attempt |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plan=Topic |
| 2 | **fail** | present | attempt |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **stop** | present · passive | attempt *not said here* |  |  |  |  | early *property* | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V» |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Abortion is a medical topic that adults often debate.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:abortion:x1:1
# text = Abortion is a medical topic that adults often debate.
1	Abortion	abortion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	medical	medical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	topic	topic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	obj	_	_
7	adults	adult	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
8	often	often	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	debate	debate	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Abortion | a medical topic |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **debate** | present | adults | a medical topic |  |  |  | often *property* | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Co-Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some people support abortion rights and others are against them.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:abortion:x2:1
# text = Some people support abortion rights and others are against them.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	support	support	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	abortion	abortion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	rights	right	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	against	against	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **support** | present | some people |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is** | present | abortion rights and others |  |  |  |  | against rights *= right* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The news talked about new laws on abortion.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:abortion:x3:1
# text = The news talked about new laws on abortion.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	news	news	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	talked	talk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	about	about	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	laws	law	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	abortion	abortion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **talk** | past | the news |  |  |  |  | about new laws on abortion | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about law=Topic |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A doctor explained what an abortion is.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:abortion:x4:1
# text = A doctor explained what an abortion is.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	explained	explain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	obj	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	abortion	abortion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **explain** *speech: assert* | participle | a doctor |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic |
| 2 | **be** | present | a abortion |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Different countries have different rules about abortion.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:abortion:x5:1
# text = Different countries have different rules about abortion.
1	Different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	about	about	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	abortion	abortion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Different countries | different rules |  |  |  | about abortion | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rule=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The space mission was aborted because of a fault.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:abortion:x6:1
# text = The space mission was aborted because of a fault.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	mission	mission	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	aborted	abort	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	9	case	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	fixed	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	fault	fault	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **abort** | past · passive |  | the space mission |  |  |  | because a fault | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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