---
title: acacia — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «acacia» in the school dictionary: A tree or shrub with small leaves, often thorns, and yellow or white flowers, that grows in warm, dry places such as Africa and Australia. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# acacia

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** tree, golden wattle, Giraffes, acacia, Bees, We · **What happens:** grow, call, be, stretch, eat, have · **To what, where:** warm dry places, many acacias, Australia, national flower, long necks, acacia leaves · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«acacia» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [acacia in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/acacia.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A tree or shrub with small leaves, often thorns, and yellow or white flowers, that grows in warm, dry places such as Africa and Australia.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:acacia:m1:1
# text = A tree or shrub with small leaves, often thorns, and yellow or white flowers, that grows in warm, dry places such as Africa and Australia.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	shrub	shrub	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	often	often	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	thorns	thorn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
13	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	_
16	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj	_	_
19	grows	grow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
21	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
23	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	_
25	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	27	case	_	_
26	as	as	ADP	IN	_	25	fixed	_	_
27	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | a tree or shrub with small leaves and thorns and yellow flowers |  |  | warm dry places such Africa and Australia |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in place=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In Australia many acacias are called wattle; golden wattle is the national flower.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:acacia:m2:1
# text = In Australia many acacias are called wattle; golden wattle is the national flower.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
3	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	acacias	acacia	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	wattle	wattle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
9	golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	wattle	wattle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	national	national	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	flower	flower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present · passive |  | many acacias |  | Australia |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
| 2 | **is a** | present | golden wattle | the national flower |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Giraffes stretch their long necks to eat acacia leaves.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:acacia:x1:1
# text = Giraffes stretch their long necks to eat acacia leaves.
1	Giraffes	giraffe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stretch	stretch	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	necks	neck	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
8	acacia	acacia	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stretch** | present | Giraffes | Giraffes's long necks |  |  |  |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent neck=Patient |
| 2 | **eat** | to-infinitive | Giraffes *not said here* | acacia leaves |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The acacia had sharp thorns.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:acacia:x2:1
# text = The acacia had sharp thorns.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	acacia	acacia	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	sharp	sharp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	thorns	thorn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the acacia | sharp thorns |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thorn=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In Australia, the golden wattle is a kind of acacia.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:acacia:x3:1
# text = In Australia, the golden wattle is a kind of acacia.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	wattle	wattle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	acacia	acacia	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the golden wattle | a kind |  | Australia |  | of acacia | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bees make honey from acacia flowers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:acacia:x4:1
# text = Bees make honey from acacia flowers.
1	Bees	bee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	honey	honey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	acacia	acacia	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Bees | honey |  | acacia flowers |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.product PP.material»: agent=Agent honey=Product from flower=Material |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We sat in the shade of an acacia on the savannah.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:acacia:x5:1
# text = We sat in the shade of an acacia on the savannah.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	shade	shade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	acacia	acacia	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	savannah	savannah	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past | We |  |  | the shade of a acacia |  | on the savannah | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in shade=Location |
| 2 | **shade** |  |  | a acacia |  |  |  |  | nom shade «state transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Acacia trees can live in very dry places.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:acacia:x6:1
# text = Acacia trees can live in very dry places.
1	Acacia	acacia	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	live	live	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	very	very	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | can | Acacia trees |  |  | dry places |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in place=Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The acacia-trees now overshadow every part of the island.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:acacia:x7:1
# text = The acacia-trees now overshadow every part of the island.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	acacia	acacia	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
5	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	_
6	overshadow	overshadow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	island	island	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **overshadow** | present | the acacia trees | every part of the island |  |  | now |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent part=Patient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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