---
title: acceleration — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «acceleration» in the school dictionary: Acceleration is getting faster: the speed going up. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/acceleration/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [A](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/) / acceleration

# acceleration

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Acceleration, speed, slowing, Gravity, sports car, bigger force · **What happens:** get, go up, be, change, slow down, speed · **To what, where:** speed, negative acceleration, speeding up, astronauts, seats, falling objects

<!-- .vabout -->
«acceleration» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [acceleration in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/acceleration.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Acceleration is getting faster: the speed going up.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:acceleration:m1:1
# text = Acceleration is getting faster: the speed going up.
1	Acceleration	acceleration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	getting	get	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	faster	fast	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	speed	speed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
8	going	go	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	acl	_	_
9	up	up	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | present · progressive | Acceleration |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **go up** | gerund | the speed *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Acceleration is how quickly speed (or velocity) changes; slowing down is a negative acceleration (deceleration).

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:acceleration:m2:1
# text = Acceleration is how quickly speed (or velocity) changes; slowing down is a negative acceleration (deceleration).
1	Acceleration	acceleration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
4	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	speed	speed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
6	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	velocity	velocity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	8	punct	_	_
10	changes	change	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
12	slowing	slow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	17	csubj	_	_
13	down	down	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	negative	negative	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	acceleration	acceleration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
18	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	deceleration	deceleration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Acceleration | speed |  |  |  | quickly *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **change** | present | speed |  |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **slow down** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **is a** | present | slowing | a negative acceleration |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Acceleration is how quickly a car can speed up.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:acceleration:m3:1
# text = Acceleration is how quickly a car can speed up.
1	Acceleration	acceleration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
3	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
4	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	speed	speed	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
9	up	up	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | can · present | Acceleration |  |  |  |  | quickly, speed *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Acceleration is also any speeding up of a process: the acceleration of climate change.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:acceleration:m4:1
# text = Acceleration is also any speeding up of a process: the acceleration of climate change.
1	Acceleration	acceleration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
4	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	6	det	_	_
5	speeding	speed	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	amod	_	_
6	up	up	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	process	process	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	acceleration	acceleration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	climate	climate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speed** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Acceleration | any speeding up and the acceleration of climate change |  |  |  | of a process | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rocket's acceleration pushed the astronauts into their seats.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:acceleration:x1:1
# text = The rocket's acceleration pushed the astronauts into their seats.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rocket	rocket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	acceleration	acceleration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	pushed	push	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	astronauts	astronaut	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	into	into	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	seats	seat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **push** | past | the rocket's acceleration | the astronauts |  | astronauts's seats |  |  | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent astronaut=Theme into seat=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Gravity gives falling objects an acceleration.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:acceleration:x2:1
# text = Gravity gives falling objects an acceleration.
1	Gravity	gravity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	falling	fall	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	amod	_	_
4	objects	object	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	acceleration	acceleration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | Gravity | falling objects |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent object=Recipient acceleration=Theme |
| 2 | **fall** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This sports car has amazing acceleration.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:acceleration:x3:1
# text = This sports car has amazing acceleration.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	sports	sport	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	compound	_	_
3	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	amazing	amazing	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	acceleration	acceleration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | sports car | amazing acceleration |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent acceleration=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sprinter's acceleration out of the blocks won the race.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:acceleration:x4:1
# text = The sprinter's acceleration out of the blocks won the race.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sprinter	sprinter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	acceleration	acceleration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
5	out	out	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	blocks	block	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
9	won	win	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **win** | past | the sprinter's acceleration out the blocks | the race |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent race=Eventuality |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bigger force gives a bigger acceleration.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:acceleration:x5:1
# text = A bigger force gives a bigger acceleration.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	bigger	big	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	amod	_	_
3	force	force	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	bigger	big	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	amod	_	_
7	acceleration	acceleration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | a bigger force | a bigger acceleration |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent acceleration=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
On the graph, a steeper line shows greater acceleration.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:acceleration:x6:1
# text = On the graph, a steeper line shows greater acceleration.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	graph	graph	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	steeper	steep	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	amod	_	_
7	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	greater	great	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	10	amod	_	_
10	acceleration	acceleration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | a steeper line | greater acceleration |  | the graph |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent acceleration=Recipient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Scientists worry about the acceleration of ice melting.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:acceleration:x7:1
# text = Scientists worry about the acceleration of ice melting.
1	Scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	worry	worry	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	about	about	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	acceleration	acceleration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	melting	melting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **worry** | present | Scientists |  |  |  |  | about the acceleration of ice melting | vn care-88.1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus what S»: agent=Experiencer about acceleration=Stimulus |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [accelerate](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/accelerate/)
- next →: [accent](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/accent/)
- ↑ back to [A in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/)