---
title: acuity — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «acuity» in the school dictionary: Sharpness of a sense, especially of eyesight or hearing: «visual acuity» means how clearly you can see small details. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# acuity

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** visual acuity, you, Sharpness, eye test, Eagles, acuity · **What happens:** mean, see, be, notice, understand, measure · **To what, where:** small details, things, visual acuity, amazing visual acuity, mouse, high up · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«acuity» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [acuity in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/acuity.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sharpness of a sense, especially of eyesight or hearing: «visual acuity» means how clearly you can see small details.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:acuity:m1:1
# text = Sharpness of a sense, especially of eyesight or hearing: «visual acuity» means how clearly you can see small details.
1	Sharpness	sharpness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	sense	sense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	eyesight	eyesight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	hearing	hearing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	visual	visual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	acuity	acuity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	_
16	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
17	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	18	advmod	_	_
18	clearly	clearly	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
19	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
20	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	ccomp	_	_
22	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	details	detail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | visual acuity |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **see** | can | you | small details |  |  |  | clearly *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer detail=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sharpness of the mind: being quick to notice and understand things.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:acuity:m2:1
# text = Sharpness of the mind: being quick to notice and understand things.
1	Sharpness	sharpness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	mind	mind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
6	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	cop	_	_
7	quick	quick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	notice	notice	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	understand	understand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
12	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund | Sharpness of the mind |  |  |  |  | quick *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **notice** | to-infinitive | Sharpness of the mind *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **understand** | infinitive | Sharpness of the mind *not said here* | things |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer thing=Stimulus |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The eye test measured my visual acuity.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:acuity:x1:1
# text = The eye test measured my visual acuity.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	measured	measure	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	visual	visual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	acuity	acuity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **measure** | participle | the eye test *not said here* | my visual acuity |  |  |  |  | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme acuity=Value |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Eagles have amazing visual acuity and can spot a mouse from high up.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:acuity:x2:1
# text = Eagles have amazing visual acuity and can spot a mouse from high up.
1	Eagles	eagle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	amazing	amazing	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	visual	visual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	acuity	acuity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	spot	spot	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	mouse	mouse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	from	from	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	up	up	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Eagles | amazing visual acuity |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent acuity=Patient |
| 2 | **spot** | can | Eagles *not said here* |  | a mouse | high up |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme mouse=Destination |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The detective's acuity helped her solve the case.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:acuity:x3:1
# text = The detective's acuity helped her solve the case.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	detective	detective	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	acuity	acuity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	helped	help	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	solve	solve	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	case	case	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | past | the detective's acuity | her *= she* |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent she=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 2 | **solve** | infinitive | her *= she* *not said here* | the case |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent case=Topic |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Older dogs can lose some hearing acuity.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:acuity:x4:1
# text = Older dogs can lose some hearing acuity.
1	Older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	amod	_	_
2	dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	lose	lose	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	7	det	_	_
6	hearing	hearing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	acuity	acuity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** | can | Older dogs | some hearing acuity |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent acuity=Eventuality |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The optician said my acuity is better with glasses.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:acuity:x5:1
# text = The optician said my acuity is better with glasses.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	optician	optician	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	acuity	acuity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	ccomp	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	glasses	glass	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the optician |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | my acuity |  |  |  |  | with glasses; good *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Owls have great acuity in the dark.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:acuity:x6:1
# text = Owls have great acuity in the dark.
1	Owls	owl	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	acuity	acuity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	dark	dark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Owls | great acuity |  | the dark |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent acuity=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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