---
title: adder — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «adder» in the school dictionary: An adder is a small poisonous snake, the only venomous snake native to Britain, with a dark zig-zag pattern down its back. Another name is common European viper. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# adder

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** adder, name, person, computer, you, Adders · **What happens:** be, add, sunbathe, have, bite, keep · **To what, where:** small poisonous snake, common European viper, person, numbers, heath path, black zag stripe

<!-- .vabout -->
«adder» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [adder in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/adder.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An adder is a small poisonous snake, the only venomous snake native to Britain, with a dark zig-zag pattern down its back. Another name is common European viper.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* An adder is a small poisonous snake, the only venomous snake native to Britain, with a dark zig-zag pattern down its back.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adder:m1:1
# text = An adder is a small poisonous snake, the only venomous snake native to Britain, with a dark zig-zag pattern down its back.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	adder	adder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	snake	snake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
10	only	only	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
11	venomous	venomous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
12	snake	snake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	native	native	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Britain	Britain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
19	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
20	zig	zig	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	zag	zag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	pattern	pattern	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
24	down	down	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a adder | a small poisonous snake and the only venomous snake native to Britain and a dark zag pattern down adder's back |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Another name is common European viper.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adder:m1:2
# text = Another name is common European viper.
1	Another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	European	European	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	viper	viper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | another name | common European viper |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An adder is a person or thing that adds numbers, such as a part of a computer that adds.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adder:m2:1
# text = An adder is a person or thing that adds numbers, such as a part of a computer that adds.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	adder	adder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	adds	add	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
10	numbers	number	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	15	case	_	_
13	as	as	ADP	IN	_	12	fixed	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	acl:relcl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	computer	computer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
19	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	20	nsubj	_	_
20	adds	add	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a adder | a person or thing |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **add** *speech: assert* | present | a person or thing | numbers |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent number=Patient |
| 3 | **add** *speech: assert* | present | a computer |  |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An adder was sunbathing on the heath path.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adder:x1:1
# text = An adder was sunbathing on the heath path.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	adder	adder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	sunbathing	sunbathe	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	heath	heath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sunbathe** | past · progressive | a adder |  |  | the heath path |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The adder has a black zig-zag stripe.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adder:x2:1
# text = The adder has a black zig-zag stripe.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	adder	adder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
5	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
6	zig	zig	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	zag	zag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	stripe	stripe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the adder | a black zag stripe |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stripe=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If an adder bites you, keep still and get medical help.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adder:x3:1
# text = If an adder bites you, keep still and get medical help.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	adder	adder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	bites	bite	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
7	keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	still	still	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	get	get	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
11	medical	medical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bite** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | a adder | you |  |  |  |  | vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Patient |
| 2 | **keep** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  | still |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **get** | infinitive | you *not said here* | medical help |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer help=Stimulus |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Adders are shy and usually slip away from people.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adder:x4:1
# text = Adders are shy and usually slip away from people.
1	Adders	adder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	shy	shy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	slip	slip	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
7	away	away	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Adders |  |  |  |  | shy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **slip away** | present | Adders *not said here* |  |  |  |  | from people; away, usually *property* | vn split-23.2 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient from people=Co-Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A computer has an adder circuit that adds numbers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adder:x5:1
# text = A computer has an adder circuit that adds numbers.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	computer	computer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	adder	adder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	circuit	circuit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	adds	add	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	numbers	number	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | a computer | a adder circuit |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent circuit=Patient |
| 2 | **add** *speech: assert* | present | a adder circuit | numbers |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent number=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The death adder lives in Australia.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adder:x6:1
# text = The death adder lives in Australia.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	adder	adder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	lives	live	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present | the death adder |  |  | Australia |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in australia=Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In one hand she brandishes a poniard and a hissing adder, whilst in the other she carries a burning torch.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adder:x7:1
# text = In one hand she brandishes a poniard and a hissing adder, whilst in the other she carries a burning torch.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
4	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	brandishes	brandish	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	poniard	poniard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	hissing	hiss	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	amod	_	_
11	adder	adder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
13	whilst	whilst	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	advcl	_	_
17	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	carries	carry	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	burning	burn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	21	amod	_	_
21	torch	torch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **brandish** | present | she | a poniard and a hissing adder |  | one hand |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **hiss** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **carry** | present | adder | a burning torch |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent torch=Theme |
| 4 | **burn** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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