---
title: adelie — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «adelie» in the school dictionary: A kind of penguin of Antarctica, black and white with a white ring round each eye; one of the most common penguins. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# adelie

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Adélie, French explorer, penguin, Adélie penguins, Adélie penguin, Adélies · **What happens:** be, name, find, take, build, have · **To what, where:** part, explorer, name, nests, pebbles, white ring · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«adelie» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [adelie in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/adelie.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A kind of penguin of Antarctica, black and white with a white ring round each eye; one of the most common penguins.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adelie:m1:1
# text = A kind of penguin of Antarctica, black and white with a white ring round each eye; one of the most common penguins.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	penguin	penguin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Antarctica	Antarctica	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	ring	ring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
15	round	round	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	17	det	_	_
17	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
19	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	conj	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
22	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	23	advmod	_	_
23	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	penguins	penguin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Adélie Land is a part of the Antarctic coast, named after Adèle, the wife of the French explorer who found it; the penguin takes its name from it.

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adelie:m2:1
# text = Adélie Land is a part of the Antarctic coast, named after Adèle, the wife of the French explorer who found it; the penguin takes its name from it.
1	Adélie	Adélie	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	Land	Land	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	Antarctic	Antarctic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	coast	coast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	named	name	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
12	after	after	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Adèle	Adèle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	appos	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	French	French	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	explorer	explorer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
21	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	22	nsubj	_	_
22	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	acl:relcl	_	_
23	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	27	punct	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	penguin	penguin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
27	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
28	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	_
30	from	from	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Adélie | a part |  |  |  | of the Antarctic coast | tree rules |
| 2 | **name** | participle | Adélie *not said here* |  |  |  | after Adèle |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **find** | past | the French explorer | explorer |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic |
| 4 | **take** | present | the penguin | penguin's name |  | name |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent name=Theme from it=Initial\_Location |
| 5 | **name** |  | penguin |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Adélie penguins build their nests from pebbles.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adelie:x1:1
# text = Adélie penguins build their nests from pebbles.
1	Adélie	Adélie	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	penguins	penguin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	build	build	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	nests	nest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	pebbles	pebble	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | present | Adélie penguins | penguins's nests |  | pebbles |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.product PP.material»: agent=Agent nest=Product from pebble=Material |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An Adélie penguin has a white ring around each eye.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adelie:x2:1
# text = An Adélie penguin has a white ring around each eye.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Adélie	Adélie	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	penguin	penguin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	ring	ring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	around	around	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
10	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | a Adélie penguin | a white ring |  | each eye |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ring=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Adélies eat tiny shrimp-like animals called krill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adelie:x3:1
# text = Adélies eat tiny shrimp-like animals called krill.
1	Adélies	adély	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
4	shrimp	shrimp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	like	like	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
8	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	krill	krill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | Adélies | tiny like animals |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Patient |
| 2 | **call** | participle | tiny like animals *not said here* | krill |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some Adélie penguins steal stones from their neighbours' nests.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adelie:x4:1
# text = Some Adélie penguins steal stones from their neighbours' nests.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	3	det	_	_
2	Adélie	Adélie	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	penguins	penguin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	steal	steal	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	neighbours	neighbour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	'	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	nests	nest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **steal** | present | some Adélie penguins | stones |  | penguins's neighbours's nests |  |  | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent stone=Theme from nest=Source |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Scientists count Adélie penguins to learn how the ice is changing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adelie:x5:1
# text = Scientists count Adélie penguins to learn how the ice is changing.
1	Scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	count	count	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Adélie	Adélie	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	penguins	penguin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	learn	learn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	changing	change	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **count** | present | Scientists | Adélie penguins |  |  |  |  | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent penguin=Theme |
| 2 | **learn** | to-infinitive | Scientists *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **change** | present · progressive | the ice |  |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Adélie is smaller than the emperor penguin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adelie:x6:1
# text = The Adélie is smaller than the emperor penguin.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Adélie	Adélie	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	smaller	small	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
5	than	than	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	emperor	emperor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	penguin	penguin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the Adélie |  |  |  |  | than the emperor penguin; small *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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