---
title: adhesion — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «adhesion» in the school dictionary: Adhesion is the sticking of one thing to another. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# adhesion

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Adhesion, force, different substances, tissue, Glue, Water drops · **What happens:** be, make, cling, stick, work, stay · **To what, where:** sticking, force, tissue, body, parts, window

<!-- .vabout -->
«adhesion» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [adhesion in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/adhesion.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Adhesion is the sticking of one thing to another.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adhesion:m1:1
# text = Adhesion is the sticking of one thing to another.
1	Adhesion	adhesion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	sticking	sticking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Adhesion | the sticking |  |  |  | of one thing to another | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Adhesion is the force that makes different substances cling together, like water droplets on glass.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adhesion:m2:1
# text = Adhesion is the force that makes different substances cling together, like water droplets on glass.
1	Adhesion	adhesion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	force	force	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	substances	substance	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	cling	cling	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	xcomp	_	_
10	together	together	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	like	like	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	droplets	droplet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	parataxis	_	_
15	on	on	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Adhesion | the force |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | present | the force |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **cling** | present | different substances |  |  |  |  | together *property* | vn cling-22.5 «NP V together»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: medicine, an adhesion, adhesions — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An adhesion is tissue inside the body that sticks parts together after an operation or injury.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adhesion:m3:1
# text = An adhesion is tissue inside the body that sticks parts together after an operation or injury.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	adhesion	adhesion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	tissue	tissue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	inside	inside	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	sticks	stick	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
10	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
11	together	together	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
12	after	after	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	operation	operation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	injury	injury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a adhesion | tissue |  | the body |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **stick** | present | tissue | parts |  |  | after a operation or injury | together *property* | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent part=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Glue works by adhesion.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adhesion:x1:1
# text = Glue works by adhesion.
1	Glue	glue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	works	work	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	adhesion	adhesion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work** | present | Glue |  |  |  |  | by adhesion | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Water drops stay on the window because of adhesion.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adhesion:x2:1
# text = Water drops stay on the window because of adhesion.
1	Water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	drops	drop	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stay	stay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	9	case	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	fixed	_	_
9	adhesion	adhesion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | present | Water drops |  |  | the window |  | because adhesion | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on window=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wet roads reduce the adhesion of tyres.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adhesion:x3:1
# text = Wet roads reduce the adhesion of tyres.
1	Wet	wet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	roads	road	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	reduce	reduce	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	adhesion	adhesion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	tyres	tyre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reduce** | present | Wet roads | the adhesion of tyres |  |  |  |  | vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer adhesion=Patient |
| 2 | **adhere** |  | tyres |  |  |  |  |  | nom adhesion «state intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sticky notes have weak adhesion so you can peel them off.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adhesion:x4:1
# text = Sticky notes have weak adhesion so you can peel them off.
1	Sticky	sticky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	notes	note	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	weak	weak	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	adhesion	adhesion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	peel	peel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
10	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	off	off	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Sticky notes | weak adhesion |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent adhesion=Patient |
| 2 | **peel off** | can | you | notes *= note* |  |  |  |  | vn pit-10.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Source |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Adhesion helps water move up plant stems.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adhesion:x5:1
# text = Adhesion helps water move up plant stems.
1	Adhesion	adhesion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	move	move	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	stems	stem	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Adhesion |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **move up** | infinitive | Adhesion *not said here* | plant stems |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent stem=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The tape lost its adhesion in the rain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adhesion:x6:1
# text = The tape lost its adhesion in the rain.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	tape	tape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lost	lose	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	adhesion	adhesion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** | past | the tape | tape's adhesion |  | the rain |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent adhesion=Eventuality |
| 2 | **adhere** |  | tape |  |  |  |  |  | nom adhesion «state intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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