---
title: adjudicate — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «adjudicate» in the school dictionary: To make an official decision about a disagreement or a legal case, as a judge does. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# adjudicate

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** judge, competition, Mrs, school, Three experts, referee · **What happens:** make, do, be, decide, win, debate · **To what, where:** official decision, case, school, contest, piano competition, court · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«adjudicate» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [adjudicate in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/adjudicate.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal, law — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To make an official decision about a disagreement or a legal case, as a judge does.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adjudicate:m1:1
# text = To make an official decision about a disagreement or a legal case, as a judge does.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	official	official	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	decision	decision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	about	about	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	disagreement	disagreement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	legal	legal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	case	case	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	judge	judge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
17	does	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | a official decision |  |  |  | about a disagreement or a legal case | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset decision=Product |
| 2 | **do** | present | a judge |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To be the judge of a competition, deciding who wins, such as in music, debating or sport.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adjudicate:m2:1
# text = To be the judge of a competition, deciding who wins, such as in music, debating or sport.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
2	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	judge	judge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	competition	competition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	deciding	decide	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	acl	_	_
10	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
11	wins	win	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	16	case	_	_
14	as	as	ADP	IN	_	13	fixed	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	debating	debate	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	16	conj	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	sport	sport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | to-infinitive | the judge |  |  |  |  | of a competition | tree rules |
| 2 | **decide** | gerund | a competition *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **win** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **debate** | gerund | the judge *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A judge will adjudicate the case next month.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adjudicate:x1:1
# text = A judge will adjudicate the case next month.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	judge	judge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	adjudicate	adjudicate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	case	case	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	month	month	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **adjudicate** | future | a judge | the case |  |  | month |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mrs Patel adjudicated the school debating contest.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adjudicate:x2:1
# text = Mrs Patel adjudicated the school debating contest.
1	Mrs	Mrs	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	Patel	Patel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	adjudicated	adjudicate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	debating	debate	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
7	contest	contest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **adjudicate** | past | Mrs | the school |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **debate** | gerund | the school *not said here* | contest |  |  |  |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent contest=Co-Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Three experts adjudicated the piano competition.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adjudicate:x3:1
# text = Three experts adjudicated the piano competition.
1	Three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	experts	expert	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	adjudicated	adjudicate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	piano	piano	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	competition	competition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **adjudicate** | past | Three experts | the piano competition |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The referee had to adjudicate between the two teams.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adjudicate:x4:1
# text = The referee had to adjudicate between the two teams.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	referee	referee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	adjudicate	adjudicate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	between	between	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	teams	team	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the referee |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **adjudicate** | to-infinitive | the referee *not said here* |  |  |  |  | between the two teams | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The court adjudicated in favour of the family.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adjudicate:x5:1
# text = The court adjudicated in favour of the family.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	court	court	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	adjudicated	adjudicate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	favour	favour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **adjudicate** | participle |  | the court *not said here* |  | favour of the family |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **favour** |  |  | the family |  |  |  |  | nom favour «feeling transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Who will adjudicate at the singing contest?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adjudicate:x6:1
# text = Who will adjudicate at the singing contest?
1	Who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
2	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	adjudicate	adjudicate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	singing	sing	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	amod	_	_
7	contest	contest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **adjudicate** | future |  |  |  | the singing contest |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **sing** *speech: express* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is hard to adjudicate when both sides seem right.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adjudicate:x7:1
# text = It is hard to adjudicate when both sides seem right.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	expl	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	adjudicate	adjudicate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
6	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	9	mark	_	_
7	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	sides	side	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	seem	seem	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
10	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **adjudicate** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **seem** | present | both sides |  |  |  |  | right *property* | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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