---
title: adjudicator — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «adjudicator» in the school dictionary: An adjudicator is a person who judges a contest, such as a music, dance or speaking competition, and decides who wins. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# adjudicator

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** adjudicator, person, independent adjudicator, debate adjudicator, team · **What happens:** be, judge, speak, decide, win, give · **To what, where:** person, contest, competition, disagreement, choir, dancer · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«adjudicator» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [adjudicator in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/adjudicator.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An adjudicator is a person who judges a contest, such as a music, dance or speaking competition, and decides who wins.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adjudicator:m1:1
# text = An adjudicator is a person who judges a contest, such as a music, dance or speaking competition, and decides who wins.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	adjudicator	adjudicator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	judges	judge	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	contest	contest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	14	case	_	_
12	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	fixed	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	dance	dance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	speaking	speak	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	conj	_	_
19	competition	competition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	decides	decide	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
23	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	24	nsubj	_	_
24	wins	win	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a adjudicator | a person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **judge** | present | a person | a contest |  |  |  |  | vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Agent contest=Value |
| 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | gerund | a person *not said here* | competition |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **decide** | present | a person *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **win** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal, law — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person who officially decides a disagreement between people.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adjudicator:m2:1
# text = A person who officially decides a disagreement between people.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
4	officially	officially	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	decides	decide	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	disagreement	disagreement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	between	between	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **decide** | present | a person | a disagreement |  |  |  | between people; officially *property* | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent disagreement=Topic |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The adjudicator gave our choir first place.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adjudicator:x1:1
# text = The adjudicator gave our choir first place.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	adjudicator	adjudicator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	choir	choir	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	7	advmod	_	_
7	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | the adjudicator | our choir |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent choir=Recipient place=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each dancer bowed to the adjudicator.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adjudicator:x2:1
# text = Each dancer bowed to the adjudicator.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	dancer	dancer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	bowed	bow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	adjudicator	adjudicator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bow** | participle |  | each dancer *not said here* |  |  |  | to the adjudicator | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to adjudicator=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The adjudicator wrote helpful comments on my sheet.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adjudicator:x3:1
# text = The adjudicator wrote helpful comments on my sheet.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	adjudicator	adjudicator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wrote	write	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	helpful	helpful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	comments	comment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	sheet	sheet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | past | the adjudicator | helpful comments |  | my sheet |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent comment=Theme on sheet=Destination |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An independent adjudicator settled the argument between the builder and the family.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adjudicator:x4:1
# text = An independent adjudicator settled the argument between the builder and the family.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	independent	independent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	adjudicator	adjudicator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	settled	settle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	argument	argument	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	between	between	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	builder	builder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **settle** | past | a independent adjudicator | the argument |  |  |  | between the builder and the family | vn odge-46-1 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme argument=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The debate adjudicator explained why our team lost.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adjudicator:x5:1
# text = The debate adjudicator explained why our team lost.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	debate	debate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	adjudicator	adjudicator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	explained	explain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
6	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	lost	lose	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **explain** *speech: assert* | past | the debate adjudicator |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **lose** | past | our team |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The adjudicator listened to every reader before choosing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adjudicator:x6:1
# text = The adjudicator listened to every reader before choosing.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	adjudicator	adjudicator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	listened	listen	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	reader	reader	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	choosing	choose	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **listen** | past | the adjudicator |  |  |  |  | to every reader | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to reader=Theme |
| 2 | **choose** | gerund | the adjudicator *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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