---
title: adult — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «adult» in the school dictionary: An adult is a grown-up person, not a child. In many countries you are an adult from 18 years old. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# adult

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** adult, you, adult animal, Grown big people, adulting, Adult content · **What happens:** grow up, be, grow, mean, act, adult · **To what, where:** grown person, adult, many countries, one, sensible grown way, everyday words · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«adult» in the school dictionary: its 6 meanings for a pupil and its 13 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [adult in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/adult.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An adult is a grown-up person, not a child. In many countries you are an adult from 18 years old.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* An adult is a grown-up person, not a child.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adult:m1:1
# text = An adult is a grown-up person, not a child.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	up	up	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
8	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow up** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a adult | a grown person and a child |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* In many countries you are an adult from 18 years old.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adult:m1:2
# text = In many countries you are an adult from 18 years old.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	18	18	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl:unmarked	_	_
11	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | you | a adult |  | many countries |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An adult animal or plant is one that is fully grown.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adult:m2:1
# text = An adult animal or plant is one that is fully grown.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	adult	adult	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
10	fully	fully	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a adult animal or plant | one |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **grow** | present · passive |  |  |  |  |  | fully *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Adult means for grown-ups, or acting in a sensible grown-up way.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adult:m3:1
# text = Adult means for grown-ups, or acting in a sensible grown-up way.
1	Adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	ups	up	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	acting	act	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
12	sensible	sensible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
13	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	up	up	ADP	RP	_	13	compound:prt	_	_
16	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Adult |  |  |  |  | for grown ups | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot for up=Attribute |
| 2 | **grow** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **act** | gerund | Adult *not said here* |  |  | a sensible grown way |  |  | vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **grow up** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: casual — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Grown-up», «big people» (to small children) and «oldies» are everyday words for adults; «adulting» (slang) means doing boring grown-up jobs like paying bills.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adult:m4:1
# text = «Grown-up», «big people» (to small children) and «oldies» are everyday words for adults; «adulting» (slang) means doing boring grown-up jobs like paying bills.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
11	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	14	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	oldies	oldie	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	_
20	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
21	everyday	everyday	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
23	for	for	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	adults	adult	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
26	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	adulting	adult	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	32	csubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	27	punct	_	_
29	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	slang	slang	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	30	punct	_	_
32	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	parataxis	_	_
33	doing	do	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	32	xcomp	_	_
34	boring	boring	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	amod	_	_
35	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	38	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	37	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	up	up	ADP	RP	_	35	compound:prt	_	_
38	jobs	job	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	obj	_	_
39	like	like	SCONJ	IN	_	40	mark	_	_
40	paying	pay	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	33	advcl	_	_
41	bills	bill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	22	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow up** *in a quote* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Grown big people and oldies | everyday words |  |  |  | for adults | tree rules |
| 3 | **adult** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **mean** | present | adulting |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **do** *not said to happen* | gerund | adulting *not said here* | boring grown jobs |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Eventuality |
| 6 | **grow up** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 7 | **pay** | gerund | adulting *not said here* | bills |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bill=Asset |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: euphemism — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Adult content» or «for adults only» means not for children; a pupil should leave it and tell a trusted adult.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adult:m5:1
# text = «Adult content» or «for adults only» means not for children; a pupil should leave it and tell a trusted adult.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Adult	adult	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	content	content	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	adults	adult	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
9	only	only	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
11	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
18	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	parataxis	_	_
20	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	conj	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	trusted	trust	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	25	amod	_	_
25	adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **mean** | present | Adult content or adults | children |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent child=Topic |
| 2 | **leave** | should | a pupil | it |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 3 | **tell** *speech: assert* | infinitive | a trusted adult |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **trust** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 6 {#m6}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Person of full age», «a person aged 18 or over», «guardian» and «responsible adult» are stiff official words.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adult:m6:1
# text = «Person of full age», «a person aged 18 or over», «guardian» and «responsible adult» are stiff official words.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
11	aged	aged	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	18	18	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	appos	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	over	over	ADV	RB	_	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	guardian	guardian	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
21	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	responsible	responsible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
25	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	cop	_	_
26	stiff	stiff	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
27	official	official	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	28	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Person of full age and a person and guardian and responsible adult | stiff official words |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An adult ticket costs $10 and a child ticket $5.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adult:x1:1
# text = An adult ticket costs $10 and a child ticket $5.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	ticket	ticket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	costs	cost	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	$	$	SYM	$	_	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	ticket	ticket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
11	$	$	SYM	$	_	10	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cost** | present | a adult ticket |  |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme $=Value |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
12 adults and 20 children came.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adult:x2:1
# text = 12 adults and 20 children came.
1	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	adults	adult	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
6	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | 12 adults and 20 children |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How much did 3 adult tickets cost?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adult:x3:1
# text = How much did 3 adult tickets cost?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	obj	_	_
3	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
5	adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	tickets	ticket	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	compound	_	_
7	cost	cost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | past |  | much |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each group has 1 adult.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adult:x4:1
# text = Each group has 1 adult.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | each group | 1 adult |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent adult=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If you feel unsafe, tell a trusted adult.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adult:x5:1
# text = If you feel unsafe, tell a trusted adult.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	feel	feel	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	_
4	unsafe	unsafe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
6	tell	tell	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	trusted	trust	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	amod	_	_
9	adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | you |  |  |  |  | unsafe *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | imperative | you *not said here* |  | a trusted adult |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent adult=Recipient |
| 3 | **trust** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An adult must be with you at the swimming pool.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adult:x6:1
# text = An adult must be with you at the swimming pool.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	cop	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	swimming	swimming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	pool	pool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | must | a adult |  |  | the swimming pool |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The caterpillar becomes an adult butterfly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adult:x7:1
# text = The caterpillar becomes an adult butterfly.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	caterpillar	caterpillar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	becomes	become	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	butterfly	butterfly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | present | the caterpillar | a adult butterfly |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She was very adult about losing the game.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adult:x8:1
# text = She was very adult about losing the game.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	very	very	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	adult	adult	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	about	about	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	losing	lose	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | She |  |  |  |  | adult *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **lose** | gerund | She *not said here* | the game |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent game=Eventuality |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
2 grown-ups + 3 kids, adults are 10 bucks, kids 5, how much (casual)

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adult:x9:1
# text = 2 grown-ups + 3 kids, adults are 10 bucks, kids 5, how much (casual)
1	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
2	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	ups	up	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	+	+	SYM	SYM	_	6	cc	_	_
6	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	kids	kid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	adults	adult	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
10	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	bucks	buck	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	kids	kid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
15	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	14	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	18	advmod	_	_
18	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	appos	_	_
19	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	casual	casual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	20	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | adults | 10 bucks |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
ugh, adulting is hard, paid 3 bills today (casual, slang)

<!-- fold The tree, 10 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adult:x10:1
# text = ugh, adulting is hard, paid 3 bills today (casual, slang)
1	ugh	ugh	INTJ	UH	_	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	adulting	adulting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	paid	pay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
8	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	bills	bill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
10	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl:unmarked	_	_
11	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	casual	casual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	slang	slang	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | adulting |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **pay** | participle | adulting *not said here* | 3 bills |  |  | today |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bill=Asset |
| 3 | **be** |  | adulting *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Act like an adult for once, you're 14, not 4. (rough)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Act like an adult for once, you're 14, not 4.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adult:x11:1
# text = Act like an adult for once, you're 14, not 4.
1	Act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	like	like	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	're	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	14	14	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	1	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
13	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | you | 14 |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (rough)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adult:x11:2
# text = (rough)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	rough	rough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Persons aged 18 years or over are charged 10 dollars; compute the total charge for 3 such persons and 4 minors at 5 dollars. (formal exam)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Persons aged 18 years or over are charged 10 dollars; compute the total charge for 3 such persons and 4 minors at 5 dollars.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adult:x12:1
# text = Persons aged 18 years or over are charged 10 dollars; compute the total charge for 3 such persons and 4 minors at 5 dollars.
1	Persons	person	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	aged	age	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	1	acl	_	_
3	18	18	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl:unmarked	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	over	overpriced	ADJ	AFX	Degree=Pos|Typo=Yes	2	parataxis	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	charged	charge	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	dollars	dollar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
12	compute	compute	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	total	total	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	charge	charge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
16	for	for	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	19	nummod	_	_
18	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	persons	person	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	22	nummod	_	_
22	minors	minor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	conj	_	_
23	at	at	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	25	nummod	_	_
25	dollars	dollar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **age** | participle |  | Persons *not said here* |  |  | year |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **charge** | present · passive |  | Persons |  |  |  |  | vn bill-54.5-1 «NP V NP NP.asset»: subject=Recipient dollar=Asset |
| 3 | **compute** | infinitive |  | the total charge |  | 5 dollars |  | for 3 such persons and 4 minors | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent charge=Result for person=Beneficiary |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (formal exam)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adult:x12:2
# text = (formal exam)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	exam	exam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“There were several adults to-day,” he assured her with a faint flush; but when she tossed her head he had not a word of reproof for her.

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adult:x13:1
# text = “There were several adults to-day,” he assured her with a faint flush; but when she tossed her head he had not a word of reproof for her.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	3	expl	_	_
3	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	advcl	_	_
4	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	adults	adult	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	assured	assure	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	iobj	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	faint	faint	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	flush	flush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
20	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	22	advmod	_	_
21	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	tossed	toss	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
23	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
25	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
26	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	ccomp	_	_
27	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	29	advmod	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	reproof	reproof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	_
32	for	for	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** *in a quote* | past | several adults to day |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **assure** | past | he |  | her *= she* |  |  | with a faint flush | vn advise-37.9 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent she=Recipient |
| 3 | **toss** | past | she | her head |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **have** | past | he | a word of reproof for her |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Patient |
| 5 | **word** |  |  | reproof for her |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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