---
title: adulthood — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «adulthood» in the school dictionary: The time of life when you are a grown-up, after childhood and the teenage years. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# adulthood

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** time, Most animals, animals, Childhood, friendships, people · **What happens:** grow up, be, grow, reach, come, last · **To what, where:** adulthood, jobs, bills, love, Youth, things

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«adulthood» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [adulthood in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/adulthood.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The time of life when you are a grown-up, after childhood and the teenage years.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adulthood:m1:1
# text = The time of life when you are a grown-up, after childhood and the teenage years.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	14	advmod	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
9	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	up	up	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	after	after	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	childhood	childhood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	teenage	teenage	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow up** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | the time of life |  |  |  | after a grown childhood and the teenage years |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Most animals grow fast before they reach adulthood.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adulthood:x1:1
# text = Most animals grow fast before they reach adulthood.
1	Most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	2	amod	_	_
2	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	advmod	_	_
5	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	reach	reach	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
8	adulthood	adulthood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | Most animals |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **reach** | present | animals *= animal* | adulthood |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent adulthood=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Childhood comes before adulthood.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adulthood:x2:1
# text = Childhood comes before adulthood.
1	Childhood	childhood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	before	before	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	adulthood	adulthood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | Childhood |  |  | adulthood |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme before adulthood=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some friendships last into adulthood.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adulthood:x3:1
# text = Some friendships last into adulthood.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	friendships	friendship	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	last	last	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	adulthood	adulthood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **last** | present | some friendships |  |  | adulthood |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In adulthood, people often have jobs and pay bills.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adulthood:x4:1
# text = In adulthood, people often have jobs and pay bills.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	adulthood	adulthood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
5	often	often	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	jobs	job	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	pay	pay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
10	bills	bill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | people | jobs |  | adulthood |  | often *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Patient |
| 2 | **pay** | present | people *not said here* | bills |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bill=Asset |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Frogs reach adulthood after being tadpoles.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adulthood:x5:1
# text = Frogs reach adulthood after being tadpoles.
1	Frogs	frog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	reach	reach	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	adulthood	adulthood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	after	after	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	cop	_	_
6	tadpoles	tadpole	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reach** | present | Frogs | adulthood |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent adulthood=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  | after tadpoles |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He kept his love of drawing into adulthood.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adulthood:x6:1
# text = He kept his love of drawing into adulthood.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	love	love	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	drawing	draw	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
7	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	adulthood	adulthood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | He | his love |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent love=Theme |
| 2 | **draw** | gerund | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  | into adulthood *result* | vn lure-59.3 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent into adulthood=Result |
| 3 | **love** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom love «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Youth, advanced to adulthood, proceeded to steal things of still greater value.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:adulthood:x7:1
# text = The Youth, advanced to adulthood, proceeded to steal things of still greater value.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Youth	youth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	advanced	advance	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	adulthood	adulthood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
8	proceeded	proceed	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	steal	steal	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	still	still	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	greater	great	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	15	amod	_	_
15	value	value	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **advance** | participle |  | the Youth *not said here* |  | adulthood |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to adulthood=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **proceed** | past | the Youth |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **steal** | to-infinitive | the Youth *not said here* | things of greater value |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location thing=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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