---
title: afghan — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «afghan» in the school dictionary: An Afghan is a person from Afghanistan, a country in Central and South Asia; Afghan means from or to do with Afghanistan. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# afghan

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Afghan, Afghan hound, Afghan coat, new classmate, Afghan food, Grandma · **What happens:** be, mean, do, knit, crochet, speak · **To what, where:** person, Afghanistan, tall dog, knitted blanket, sheepskin coat, Dari · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«afghan» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [afghan in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/afghan.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An Afghan is a person from Afghanistan, a country in Central and South Asia; Afghan means from or to do with Afghanistan.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:afghan:m1:1
# text = An Afghan is a person from Afghanistan, a country in Central and South Asia; Afghan means from or to do with Afghanistan.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Afghan	afghan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Afghanistan	Afghanistan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Central	Central	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	South	South	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	Asia	Asia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
17	Afghan	Afghan	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	nsubj	_	_
18	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
19	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
20	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	ccomp	_	_
23	with	with	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	Afghanistan	Afghanistan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a Afghan | a person and a country in Central and South Asia |  | Afghanistan |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present | Afghan |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **do** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with Afghanistan | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An Afghan hound is a tall dog with long, silky hair.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:afghan:m2:1
# text = An Afghan hound is a tall dog with long, silky hair.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Afghan	Afghan	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	hound	hound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	tall	tall	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
11	silky	silky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a Afghan hound | a tall dog |  |  |  | with long silky hair | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: US, Canada — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An afghan is a knitted or crocheted blanket, often colourful.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:afghan:m3:1
# text = An afghan is a knitted or crocheted blanket, often colourful.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	afghan	afghan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	knitted	knit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	crocheted	crochet	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
8	blanket	blanket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	often	often	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	colourful	colourful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **knit** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **crochet** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is a** | present | a afghan | a knitted blanket |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **be** |  | a afghan *not said here* |  |  |  |  | often *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: UK, older use — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An Afghan coat is a sheepskin coat with the woolly side inside.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:afghan:m4:1
# text = An Afghan coat is a sheepskin coat with the woolly side inside.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Afghan	Afghan	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	coat	coat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	sheepskin	sheepskin	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	coat	coat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	woolly	woolly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
12	inside	inside	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a Afghan coat | a sheepskin coat |  |  |  | with the woolly side | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our new classmate is Afghan and speaks Dari and English.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:afghan:x1:1
# text = Our new classmate is Afghan and speaks Dari and English.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	classmate	classmate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	Afghan	Afghan	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	speaks	speak	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
8	Dari	Dari	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	English	English	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Our new classmate |  |  |  |  | afghan *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | Our new classmate *not said here* | Dari and English |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Afghan food includes rice dishes and flatbread.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:afghan:x2:1
# text = Afghan food includes rice dishes and flatbread.
1	Afghan	Afghan	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	includes	include	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	rice	rice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	dishes	dish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	flatbread	flatbread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **include** | present | Afghan food | rice dishes and flatbread |  |  |  |  | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dish=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Afghan hound has long, flowing hair.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:afghan:x3:1
# text = The Afghan hound has long, flowing hair.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Afghan	Afghan	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	hound	hound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	flowing	flow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
8	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the Afghan hound |  |  |  |  | long *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **flow** | gerund | the Afghan hound *not said here* | hair |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location hair=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandma crocheted a bright afghan for my bed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:afghan:x4:1
# text = Grandma crocheted a bright afghan for my bed.
1	Grandma	grandma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	crocheted	crochet	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	afghan	Afghan	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	ccomp	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crochet** | past | Grandma |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Afghan rugs are famous for their red patterns.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:afghan:x5:1
# text = Afghan rugs are famous for their red patterns.
1	Afghan	Afghan	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	rugs	rug	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	patterns	pattern	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Afghan rugs |  |  |  |  | for rugs's red patterns; famous *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **pattern** |  | rugs *= rug* |  |  |  |  |  | nom pattern «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We wrapped up in an afghan to watch the film.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:afghan:x6:1
# text = We wrapped up in an afghan to watch the film.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wrapped	wrap	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	afghan	afghan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	watch	watch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wrap up** | past | We |  |  | a afghan |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in afghan=Destination |
| 2 | **watch** | to-infinitive | We *not said here* | the film |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent film=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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