---
title: aflame — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «aflame» in the school dictionary: On fire, burning with flames. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# aflame

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**Who acts:** old barn, sky, maple trees, cheeks, dragon, crowd · **What happens:** burn, glow, be, set, look · **To what, where:** fire, autumn leaves, castle

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«aflame» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [aflame in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/aflame.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
On fire, burning with flames.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aflame:m1:1
# text = On fire, burning with flames.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	burning	burn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	flames	flame	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burn** | gerund |  |  |  | fire |  | with flames | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on fire=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Glowing brightly with colour as if burning, like autumn leaves or a sunset.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aflame:m2:1
# text = Glowing brightly with colour as if burning, like autumn leaves or a sunset.
1	Glowing	glow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	brightly	brightly	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	burning	burn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	autumn	autumn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	sunset	sunset	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **glow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | with colour; brightly *property* | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with colour=Theme |
| 2 | **burn** | gerund |  | autumn leaves or a sunset |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent leaf=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Full of a strong feeling, such as anger or excitement.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aflame:m3:1
# text = Full of a strong feeling, such as anger or excitement.
1	Full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	9	case	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	fixed	_	_
9	anger	anger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	excitement	excitement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old barn was aflame within minutes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aflame:x1:1
# text = The old barn was aflame within minutes.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	barn	barn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	aflame	aflame	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	within	within	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	minutes	minute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the old barn |  |  |  | minute | aflame *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sky was aflame with red and orange at sunset.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aflame:x2:1
# text = The sky was aflame with red and orange at sunset.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	aflame	aflame	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	orange	orange	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	sunset	sunset	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the sky |  |  |  |  | with red; aflame *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the sky *not said here* |  |  |  | sunset |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In autumn the maple trees are aflame with colour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aflame:x3:1
# text = In autumn the maple trees are aflame with colour.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	autumn	autumn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	maple	maple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	aflame	aflame	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the maple trees |  |  |  | autumn | with colour; aflame *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her cheeks were aflame with embarrassment.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aflame:x4:1
# text = Her cheeks were aflame with embarrassment.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	cheeks	cheek	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	aflame	aflame	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	embarrassment	embarrassment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Her cheeks |  |  |  |  | with embarrassment; aflame *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dragon set the castle aflame.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aflame:x5:1
# text = The dragon set the castle aflame.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dragon	dragon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	set	set	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	aflame	aflame	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **set** | past | the dragon | the castle |  |  |  | aflame *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient castle=Result |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The crowd was aflame with excitement.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aflame:x6:1
# text = The crowd was aflame with excitement.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	crowd	crowd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	aflame	aflame	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	excitement	excitement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the crowd |  |  |  |  | with excitement; aflame *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hills looked aflame in the evening light.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aflame:x7:1
# text = The hills looked aflame in the evening light.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	aflame	aflame	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	evening	evening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | past | the hills |  |  |  |  | in the evening light; aflame *property* | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in light=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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