---
title: agency — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «agency» in the school dictionary: An agency is a business or organisation that provides a service for other people, like a travel agency. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# agency

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** agency, business, that, something, We, space agency · **What happens:** be, provide, do, mean, make, happen · **To what, where:** business, service, part, special work, power, own choices · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«agency» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [agency in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/agency.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An agency is a business or organisation that provides a service for other people, like a travel agency.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:agency:m1:1
# text = An agency is a business or organisation that provides a service for other people, like a travel agency.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	agency	agency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	business	business	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	organisation	organisation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	provides	provide	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	service	service	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	like	like	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	travel	travel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	agency	agency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a agency | a business or organisation |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **provide** | present | a business or organisation | a service |  |  |  | for other people; like a travel agency | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Precondition service=Theme for people=Beneficiary |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An agency is a part of a government that does special work, like a space agency.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:agency:m2:1
# text = An agency is a part of a government that does special work, like a space agency.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	agency	agency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	does	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
11	special	special	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	like	like	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	agency	agency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a agency | a part |  |  |  | of a government | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | present | that | special work |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent work=Eventuality |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Agency can also mean the power to make your own choices.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:agency:m3:1
# text = Agency can also mean the power to make your own choices.
1	Agency	agency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
10	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	choices	choice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Agency | the power |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent power=Topic |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive | Agency *not said here* | your own choices |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset choice=Product |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Agency can also mean the action or means by which something happens.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:agency:m4:1
# text = Agency can also mean the action or means by which something happens.
1	Agency	agency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	obl	_	_
11	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	12	nsubj	_	_
12	happens	happen	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Agency | the action |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent action=Topic |
| 2 | **mean** | present | Agency *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **happen** | present | something |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by which=Location |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We booked our holiday through a travel agency.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:agency:x1:1
# text = We booked our holiday through a travel agency.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	booked	book	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	holiday	holiday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	through	through	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	travel	travel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	agency	agency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **book** | past | We | our holiday |  | a travel agency |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent holiday=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The space agency launched a new rover to Mars.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:agency:x2:1
# text = The space agency launched a new rover to Mars.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	agency	agency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	launched	launch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	rover	rover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Mars	Mars	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **launch** | past | the space agency | a new rover | Mars |  |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent rover=Theme to mars=Destination |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A news agency sends stories to newspapers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:agency:x3:1
# text = A news agency sends stories to newspapers.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	news	news	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	agency	agency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	sends	send	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	newspapers	newspaper	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | present | a news agency | stories |  | newspapers |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent story=Theme to newspaper=Destination |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum found her new job through an agency.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:agency:x4:1
# text = Mum found her new job through an agency.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	through	through	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	agency	agency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past | Mum | Mum's new job |  | a agency |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Topic |
| 2 | **job** |  | Mum |  |  |  |  |  | nom job «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the film, the spy works for a secret agency.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:agency:x5:1
# text = In the film, the spy works for a secret agency.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	spy	spy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	works	work	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	secret	secret	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	agency	agency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work** | present | the spy |  |  | the film |  | for a secret agency | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for agency=Beneficiary |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The weather agency warned of strong winds.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:agency:x6:1
# text = The weather agency warned of strong winds.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	agency	agency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	warned	warn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	winds	wind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warn** *speech: warn* | past | the weather agency |  |  |  |  | of strong winds | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP PP.topic»: agent=Agent of wind=Topic |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
These fables, again, were among the books brought into an extended circulation by the agency of the printing press.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:agency:x7:1
# text = These fables, again, were among the books brought into an extended circulation by the agency of the printing press.
1	These	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	fables	fable	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	again	again	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
6	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	among	among	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
10	brought	bring	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
11	into	into	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	extended	extended	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	circulation	circulation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	agency	agency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	printing	printing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	press	press	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | this fables |  |  |  |  | among the books | tree rules |
| 2 | **bring** | participle |  | the books *not said here* |  | a extended circulation |  | by the agency of the printing press | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent into circulation=Destination |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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