---
title: aggravate — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «aggravate» in the school dictionary: To make a problem, injury or illness worse. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# aggravate

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Running, your, Scratching, little brother, Smoke, It · **What happens:** make, annoy, run, aggravate, injure, shout · **To what, where:** problem, someone, it, injury, itch, me · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«aggravate» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [aggravate in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/aggravate.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To make a problem, injury or illness worse.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aggravate:m1:1
# text = To make a problem, injury or illness worse.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	problem	problem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	injury	injury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	illness	illness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
9	worse	bad	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | a problem and injury or illness |  |  |  | bad *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset problem=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To annoy someone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aggravate:m2:1
# text = To annoy someone.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	annoy	annoy	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **annoy** | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus someone=Experiencer |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Running on it will aggravate your injury.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aggravate:x1:1
# text = Running on it will aggravate your injury.
1	Running	run	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	csubj	_	_
2	on	on	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	obl	_	_
4	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	aggravate	aggravate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	injury	injury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | gerund |  |  |  | it |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on it=Trajectory |
| 2 | **aggravate** | future | Running | your injury |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus injury=Experiencer |
| 3 | **injure** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom injury «state transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Scratching aggravates the itch.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aggravate:x2:1
# text = Scratching aggravates the itch.
1	Scratching	scratching	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	aggravates	aggravate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	itch	itch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **aggravate** | present | Scratching | the itch |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus itch=Experiencer |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Shouting only aggravated the problem.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aggravate:x3:1
# text = Shouting only aggravated the problem.
1	Shouting	shout	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	nsubj	_	_
2	only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	aggravated	aggravate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	problem	problem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shout** *speech: express* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **aggravate** | participle |  | the problem |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus problem=Experiencer |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My little brother really aggravates me.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aggravate:x4:1
# text = My little brother really aggravates me.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	really	really	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	aggravates	aggravate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **aggravate** | present | My little brother | me |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus i=Experiencer |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Smoke can aggravate asthma.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aggravate:x5:1
# text = Smoke can aggravate asthma.
1	Smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	aggravate	aggravate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	asthma	asthma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **aggravate** | can | Smoke | asthma |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus asthma=Experiencer |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It's so aggravating when the bus is late.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aggravate:x6:1
# text = It's so aggravating when the bus is late.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	so	so	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	aggravating	aggravate	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	late	late	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **aggravate** | present · progressive | It |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP-PRO-ARB»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **is** | present | the bus |  |  |  |  | late *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"And to be sure it isn't pleasing to me, you aggravating goose-cap!"

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aggravate:x7:1
# text = "And to be sure it isn't pleasing to me, you aggravating goose-cap!"
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	cop	_	_
5	sure	sure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	pleasing	please	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	ccomp	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	aggravating	aggravate	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	parataxis	_	_
15	goose	goose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	cap	cap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | sure *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **please** *in a quote* | present · progressive | it |  | me |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP-PRO-ARB»: agent=Stimulus |
| 3 | **aggravate** *in a quote* | gerund | you | goose cap |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus cap=Experiencer |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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