---
title: ailment — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «ailment» in the school dictionary: An ailment is an illness, usually a minor one, like a cold, cough or rash. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# ailment

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** ailment, Colds, Grandma, pharmacist, puppy, people · **What happens:** be, have, help, turn out, ail, use · **To what, where:** illness, common winter ailments, herbal remedy, sore paw, honey, many ailments

<!-- .vabout -->
«ailment» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [ailment in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/ailment.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An ailment is an illness, usually a minor one, like a cold, cough or rash.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ailment:m1:1
# text = An ailment is an illness, usually a minor one, like a cold, cough or rash.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ailment	ailment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	illness	illness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	minor	minor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	like	like	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	cough	cough	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	rash	rash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a ailment | a illness and a minor one and a cold and cough or rash |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Colds and coughs are common winter ailments.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ailment:x1:1
# text = Colds and coughs are common winter ailments.
1	Colds	cold	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	coughs	cough	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	ailments	ailment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Colds and coughs | common winter ailments |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandma had a herbal remedy for every ailment.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ailment:x2:1
# text = Grandma had a herbal remedy for every ailment.
1	Grandma	grandma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	herbal	herbal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	remedy	remedy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	ailment	ailment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Grandma | a herbal remedy |  |  |  | for every ailment | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent remedy=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pharmacist can help with minor ailments.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ailment:x3:1
# text = The pharmacist can help with minor ailments.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pharmacist	pharmacist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	minor	minor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	ailments	ailment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | can | the pharmacist |  |  |  |  | with minor ailments | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with ailment=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The puppy's ailment turned out to be a sore paw.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ailment:x4:1
# text = The puppy's ailment turned out to be a sore paw.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	puppy	puppy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	ailment	ailment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
8	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	cop	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	sore	sore	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	paw	paw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn out** | past | the puppy's ailment |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | to-infinitive | the puppy's ailment *not said here* | a sore paw |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **ail** |  | the puppy |  |  |  |  |  | nom ailment «state transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the old days, people used honey to treat many ailments.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ailment:x5:1
# text = In the old days, people used honey to treat many ailments.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	honey	honey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	treat	treat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
11	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	ailments	ailment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | people | honey |  |  | day |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent honey=Patient |
| 2 | **treat** | to-infinitive | people *not said here* | many ailments |  |  |  |  | vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent ailment=Recipient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tummy aches are a common ailment among children.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ailment:x6:1
# text = Tummy aches are a common ailment among children.
1	Tummy	tummy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	aches	ache	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	ailment	ailment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	among	among	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Tummy aches | a common ailment |  |  |  | among children | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rudy knew nothing of fever, or any other ailment.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ailment:x7:1
# text = Rudy knew nothing of fever, or any other ailment.
1	Rudy	Rudy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	2	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	fever	fever	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	10	det	_	_
9	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	ailment	ailment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | past | Rudy | nothing |  |  |  | any other ailment *obl* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer nothing=Stimulus |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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