---
title: ain — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «ain» in the school dictionary: Ain is not a word on its own; it is the first part of «ain't», a short form cut off at the apostrophe. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# ain

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Ain, Ai, I, boy, It, she · **What happens:** not be, be, cut off, not mean, not am, not have · **To what, where:** word, own, first part, short form, apostrophe, any · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«ain» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [ain in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/ain.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ain is not a word on its own; it is the first part of «ain't», a short form cut off at the apostrophe.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ain:m1:1
# text = Ain is not a word on its own; it is the first part of «ain't», a short form cut off at the apostrophe.
1	Ain	ain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	14	amod	_	_
14	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
15	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
16	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	ai	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Vrnc|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	17	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
24	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	acl	_	_
25	off	off	ADP	RP	_	24	compound:prt	_	_
26	at	at	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	apostrophe	apostrophe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is a** | present | Ain | a word |  | Ain's own |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Ain | the first part |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **cut off** | participle |  | a short form *not said here* |  | the apostrophe |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal, nonstandard — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ain't means am not, is not, are not, has not or have not, as in «I ain't got any».

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ain:m2:1
# text = Ain't means am not, is not, are not, has not or have not, as in «I ain't got any».
1	Ai	ai	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	am	am	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
13	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
14	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	conj	_	_
17	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	16	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
19	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	fixed	_	_
21	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
23	ai	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	25	advmod	_	_
25	got	get	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	16	parataxis	_	_
26	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	25	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **mean** | present | Ai |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **am** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **be** | present | Ai *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **not** **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | have *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **not** **have** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **not** **get** *in a quote* | present · passive | I | any |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer any=Stimulus |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«I ain't going,» said the boy in the story.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ain:x1:1
# text = «I ain't going,» said the boy in the story.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
3	ai	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **go** *in a quote* | present · progressive | the boy in the story *= boy* |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the boy in the story |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It ain't fair — she got more cake!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ain:x2:1
# text = It ain't fair — she got more cake!
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	ai	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
6	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
8	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	9	amod	_	_
9	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | fair *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **get** | past | she | more cake |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cake=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«We ain't seen nothing yet,» the farmer laughed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ain:x3:1
# text = «We ain't seen nothing yet,» the farmer laughed.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
3	ai	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	12	advcl	_	_
6	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	5	obj	_	_
7	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	farmer	farmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	laughed	laugh	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **see** *in a quote* | present · passive | We | nothing |  |  | yet |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer nothing=Stimulus |
| 2 | **laugh** | past | the farmer |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If it ain't broke, don't fix it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ain:x4:1
# text = If it ain't broke, don't fix it.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ai	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	broke	broke	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
7	do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	fix	fix	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **fix** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | it |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In your essay, write «isn't», not «ain't».

<!-- fold The tree, 9 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ain:x5:1
# text = In your essay, write «isn't», not «ain't».
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	essay	essay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	write	write	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	ai	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Vrnc|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **write** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | your essay |  |  | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **essay** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom essay «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«You ain't finished your sums,» Nan grumbled.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ain:x6:1
# text = «You ain't finished your sums,» Nan grumbled.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
3	ai	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	finished	finish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	11	advcl	_	_
6	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	sums	sum	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
10	Nan	Nan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	grumbled	grumble	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **finish** *in a quote* | present · passive | You | your sums |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector sum=Eventuality |
| 2 | **grumble** *speech: other* | past | Nan |  |  |  |  |  | vn complain-37.8 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **sum** *in a quote* |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom sum «possession transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Brer Fox ain't sayin' nuthin' 'tall.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ain:x7:1
# text = "Brer Fox ain't sayin' nuthin' 'tall.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Brer	Brer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	Fox	Fox	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	_
4	ai	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	sayin	sayin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	_
8	nuthin	nuthin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
10	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	tall	tall	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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