---
title: alcohol — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «alcohol» in the school dictionary: A colourless liquid in drinks like beer, wine and spirits that changes the way people think and act, and can make them drunk. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# alcohol

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** wine, people, colourless liquid, Drinks, He, Alcohol · **What happens:** change, think, act, make, contain, not drink · **To what, where:** way, people, this, alcohol, liquid chemical, germs

<!-- .vabout -->
«alcohol» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [alcohol in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/alcohol.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A colourless liquid in drinks like beer, wine and spirits that changes the way people think and act, and can make them drunk.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:alcohol:m1:1
# text = A colourless liquid in drinks like beer, wine and spirits that changes the way people think and act, and can make them drunk.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	colourless	colourless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	liquid	liquid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	drinks	drink	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
6	like	like	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	beer	beer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	wine	wine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	spirits	spirit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
12	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
13	changes	change	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
17	think	think	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	acl:relcl	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	act	act	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
22	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
23	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
24	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	obj	_	_
25	drunk	drunk	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	23	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | present | wine and spirits | the way |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Patient |
| 2 | **think** *speech: other* | present | people | the way *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot way=Theme |
| 3 | **act** | present | people *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **make** | can | a colourless liquid in drinks like beer and wine and spirits | people |  |  |  | drunk *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material they=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Drinks that contain this (He doesn't drink alcohol).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:alcohol:m2:1
# text = Drinks that contain this (He doesn't drink alcohol).
1	Drinks	drink	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
3	contain	contain	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	obj	_	_
5	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	drink	drink	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	parataxis	_	_
10	alcohol	alcohol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contain** | present | Drinks | this |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot this=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **drink** | present · do-support | He | alcohol |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent alcohol=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A liquid chemical used for cleaning and killing germs (rubbing alcohol, hand sanitiser) and as a fuel.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:alcohol:m3:1
# text = A liquid chemical used for cleaning and killing germs (rubbing alcohol, hand sanitiser) and as a fuel.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	liquid	liquid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	chemical	chemical	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	cleaning	cleaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	killing	kill	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
9	germs	germ	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
10	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	rubbing	rub	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	conj	_	_
12	alcohol	alcohol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	hand	hand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	advcl	_	_
15	sanitiser	sanitiser	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	8	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	as	as	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	fuel	fuel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | participle |  | a liquid chemical and a fuel *not said here* |  |  |  | for cleaning | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **kill** | gerund |  | germs |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent germ=Theme |
| 3 | **rub** | gerund |  | alcohol |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent alcohol=Theme |
| 4 | **hand** | infinitive |  | sanitiser |  |  |  |  | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sanitiser=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Alcohol is not safe for children to drink.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:alcohol:x1:1
# text = Alcohol is not safe for children to drink.
1	Alcohol	alcohol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	safe	safe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	drink	drink	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | present | Alcohol |  |  |  |  | for children; safe *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **drink** | to-infinitive | Alcohol *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Beer and wine contain alcohol.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:alcohol:x2:1
# text = Beer and wine contain alcohol.
1	Beer	beer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	wine	wine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	contain	contain	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	alcohol	alcohol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contain** | present | Beer and wine | alcohol |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot alcohol=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
People should never drive after drinking alcohol.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:alcohol:x3:1
# text = People should never drive after drinking alcohol.
1	People	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	drive	drive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	drinking	drink	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
7	alcohol	alcohol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **drive** | should | People |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **drink** | gerund | People *not said here* | alcohol |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent alcohol=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hand sanitiser has alcohol in it to kill germs — never drink it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:alcohol:x4:1
# text = Hand sanitiser has alcohol in it to kill germs — never drink it.
1	Hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	sanitiser	sanitiser	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	alcohol	alcohol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nmod	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	kill	kill	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
9	germs	germ	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
10	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	drink	drink	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Hand sanitiser | alcohol |  | alcohol |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent alcohol=Patient |
| 2 | **kill** | to-infinitive | Hand sanitiser *not said here* | germs |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent germ=Theme |
| 3 | **not** **drink** | infinitive |  | sanitiser |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The nurse cleaned the cut with an alcohol wipe.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:alcohol:x5:1
# text = The nurse cleaned the cut with an alcohol wipe.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	nurse	nurse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	cleaned	clean	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cut	cut	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	alcohol	alcohol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	wipe	wipe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **clean** | past | the nurse | the cut |  |  |  | with a alcohol wipe | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent cut=Patient with wipe=Instrument |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This drink is alcohol-free.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:alcohol:x6:1
# text = This drink is alcohol-free.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	alcohol	alcohol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | this drink |  |  |  |  | free *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Alcohol evaporates faster than water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:alcohol:x7:1
# text = Alcohol evaporates faster than water.
1	Alcohol	alcohol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	evaporates	evaporate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	faster	fast	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	2	advmod	_	_
4	than	than	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **evaporate** | present | Alcohol |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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