---
title: ale — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «ale» in the school dictionary: A kind of beer, often darker or stronger, made with malted barley. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/ale/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [A](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/) / ale

# ale

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** travellers, Ginger ale, many people, pub, innkeeper, She · **What happens:** make, malt, drink, be, sell, pour · **To what, where:** ale, inn, fizzy drink, weak ale, Middle Ages, local ales

<!-- .vabout -->
«ale» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [ale in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/ale.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A kind of beer, often darker or stronger, made with malted barley.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ale:m1:1
# text = A kind of beer, often darker or stronger, made with malted barley.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	beer	beer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	often	often	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	darker	dark	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	stronger	strong	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	malted	malt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	amod	_	_
14	barley	barley	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | with malted barley | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 2 | **malt** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: old-fashioned — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Any beer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ale:m2:1
# text = Any beer.
1	Any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	beer	beer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The travellers drank ale at the inn.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ale:x1:1
# text = The travellers drank ale at the inn.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	travellers	traveller	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	drank	drink	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	ale	ale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	inn	inn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drink** | past | the travellers | ale |  | the inn |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ale=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ginger ale is a fizzy drink for children too.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ale:x2:1
# text = Ginger ale is a fizzy drink for children too.
1	Ginger	ginger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	ale	ale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	fizzy	fizzy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
9	too	too	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Ginger ale | a fizzy drink |  |  |  | for children | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the Middle Ages, many people drank weak ale.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ale:x3:1
# text = In the Middle Ages, many people drank weak ale.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	Middle	Middle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	flat	_	_
4	Ages	Age	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	drank	drink	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	weak	weak	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	ale	ale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drink** | past | many people | weak ale |  |  | in the Middle Ages |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ale=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pub sells local ales.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ale:x4:1
# text = The pub sells local ales.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pub	pub	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sells	sell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	local	local	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	ales	ale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sell** | present | the pub | local ales |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ale=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The innkeeper poured a mug of ale.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ale:x5:1
# text = The innkeeper poured a mug of ale.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	innkeeper	innkeeper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	poured	pour	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	mug	mug	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	ale	ale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pour** | past | the innkeeper | a mug of ale |  |  |  |  | vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mug=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She ordered a ginger ale with ice.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ale:x6:1
# text = She ordered a ginger ale with ice.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	ordered	order	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	ginger	ginger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	ale	ale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **order** | past | She | a ginger ale |  |  |  | with ice | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ale=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Quoth he: "I like a glass of good ale and a well-toasted bannock.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ale:x7:1
# text = Quoth he: "I like a glass of good ale and a well-toasted bannock.
1	Quoth	Quoth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
4	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	like	like	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	ale	ale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
14	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	16	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	toasted	toast	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	amod	_	_
17	bannock	bannock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **like** *in a quote* | present | Quoth | a glass of good ale and a toasted bannock |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot glass=Theme |
| 2 | **toast** *in a quote* | participle |  |  |  |  |  | well *property* | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [alder](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/alder/)
- next →: [alert](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/alert/)
- ↑ back to [A in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/)