---
title: alexia — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «alexia» in the school dictionary: A loss of the ability to read, usually after damage to the brain, for example from a stroke, in someone who could read before. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# alexia

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Alexia, Grandma, her, person, Doctors, him · **What happens:** read, be, have, stroke, mean, lose · **To what, where:** damage, brain, stroke, name, alexia, skill · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«alexia» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [alexia in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/alexia.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: medicine — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A loss of the ability to read, usually after damage to the brain, for example from a stroke, in someone who could read before.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:alexia:m1:1
# text = A loss of the ability to read, usually after damage to the brain, for example from a stroke, in someone who could read before.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	loss	loss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ability	ability	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	read	read	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
10	after	after	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	brain	brain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	for	for	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	example	example	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
18	from	from	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	stroke	stroke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obl	_	_
24	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	26	nsubj	_	_
25	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	read	read	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	acl:relcl	_	_
27	before	before	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | to-infinitive |  | damage | the brain | a stroke |  | in someone | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent damage=Topic to brain=Recipient |
| 2 | **read** | could |  |  |  |  |  | before *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Alexia is a girl's name.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:alexia:m2:1
# text = Alexia is a girl's name.
1	Alexia	Alexia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Alexia | a girl's name |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After her stroke, Grandma had alexia for a while.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:alexia:x1:1
# text = After her stroke, Grandma had alexia for a while.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	stroke	stroke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	Grandma	Grandma	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	alexia	alexia	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	while	while	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Grandma | alexia |  |  | after her stroke; while |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent alexia=Patient |
| 2 | **stroke** |  | her *= she* |  |  |  |  |  | nom stroke «act transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Alexia means a person who could read loses that skill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:alexia:x2:1
# text = Alexia means a person who could read loses that skill.
1	Alexia	alexia	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
5	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
6	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	read	read	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl:relcl	_	_
8	loses	lose	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
9	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	10	det	_	_
10	skill	skill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Alexia |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **read** | could | a person |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **lose** | present | a person | that skill |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skill=Eventuality |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Alexia is in my netball team.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:alexia:x3:1
# text = Alexia is in my netball team.
1	Alexia	Alexia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	netball	netball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Alexia |  |  | my netball team |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Doctors helped him relearn reading after alexia.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:alexia:x4:1
# text = Doctors helped him relearn reading after alexia.
1	Doctors	doctor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	helped	help	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	relearn	relearn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	reading	read	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	alexia	alexia	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | past | Doctors | him *= he* |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 2 | **relearn** | infinitive | him *= he* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **read** | gerund | him *= he* *not said here* |  |  |  | after alexia |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Alexia read her story to the class.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:alexia:x5:1
# text = Alexia read her story to the class.
1	Alexia	Alexia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	read	read	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | past | Alexia | Alexia's story | the class |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent story=Topic to class=Recipient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Alexia is rare compared with dyslexia.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:alexia:x6:1
# text = Alexia is rare compared with dyslexia.
1	Alexia	alexia	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	rare	rare	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	compared	compare	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	dyslexia	dyslexia	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Alexia |  |  |  |  | rare *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **compare** | participle | Alexia *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with dyslexia | vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Patient with dyslexia=Co-Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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