---
title: allegation — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «allegation» in the school dictionary: An allegation is a statement that someone has done something wrong or illegal, said without proof yet. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# allegation

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** allegation, someone, player, police, She, school · **What happens:** be, do, say, make, investigate, prove · **To what, where:** statement, something, claim, court, police, allegations · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«allegation» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [allegation in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/allegation.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An allegation is a statement that someone has done something wrong or illegal, said without proof yet.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:allegation:m1:1
# text = An allegation is a statement that someone has done something wrong or illegal, said without proof yet.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	allegation	allegation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	statement	statement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	nsubj	_	_
8	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	acl:relcl	_	_
10	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	obj	_	_
11	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	illegal	illegal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
16	without	without	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	proof	proof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
18	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a allegation | a statement |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | present · perfect | someone | something |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past |  |  |  |  | yet | without proof | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: law, formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An allegation is a claim made in court or to the police that must be investigated and proved.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:allegation:m2:1
# text = An allegation is a claim made in court or to the police that must be investigated and proved.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	allegation	allegation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	claim	claim	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	court	court	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	police	police	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	_
13	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	16	obj	_	_
14	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
15	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	investigated	investigate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl:relcl	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	proved	prove	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a allegation | a claim |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | a claim *not said here* |  | court or the police |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **investigate** | must · passive |  | the police |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: that=Theme |
| 4 | **prove** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The player denied the allegations of cheating.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:allegation:x1:1
# text = The player denied the allegations of cheating.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	player	player	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	denied	deny	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	allegations	allegation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	cheating	cheating	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **deny** | past | the player | the allegations of cheating |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent allegation=Eventuality |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The police are looking into an allegation of theft.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:allegation:x2:1
# text = The police are looking into an allegation of theft.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	police	police	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	looking	look	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	allegation	allegation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	theft	theft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | present · progressive | the police |  |  |  |  | into a allegation of theft | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent into allegation=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She made a serious allegation against her boss.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:allegation:x3:1
# text = She made a serious allegation against her boss.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	serious	serious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	allegation	allegation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	against	against	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	boss	boss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | She | a serious allegation |  |  |  | against her boss | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent allegation=Product |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The school takes every allegation of bullying seriously.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:allegation:x4:1
# text = The school takes every allegation of bullying seriously.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
5	allegation	allegation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	bullying	bullying	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	seriously	seriously	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present | the school | every allegation of bullying |  |  |  | seriously *property* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent allegation=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The allegations turned out to be false.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:allegation:x5:1
# text = The allegations turned out to be false.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	allegations	allegation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
7	false	false	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn out** | past | the allegations |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | to-infinitive | the allegations *not said here* |  |  |  |  | false *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Newspapers must be careful when printing allegations.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:allegation:x6:1
# text = Newspapers must be careful when printing allegations.
1	Newspapers	newspaper	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	cop	_	_
4	careful	careful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
6	printing	print	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
7	allegations	allegation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | must | Newspapers |  |  |  |  | careful *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **print** | gerund | Newspapers *not said here* | allegations |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent allegation=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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