---
title: alloy — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «alloy» in the school dictionary: An alloy is a metal made by mixing two or more metals, or a metal with another element, to make it stronger or better. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/alloy/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [A](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/) / alloy

# alloy

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** alloy, metal, Alloy wheels, Steel, Bronze, car · **What happens:** be, make, mix, alloy, mean, have · **To what, where:** metal, two metals, alloy, car wheels, metals, Coins · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«alloy» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [alloy in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/alloy.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An alloy is a metal made by mixing two or more metals, or a metal with another element, to make it stronger or better.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:alloy:m1:1
# text = An alloy is a metal made by mixing two or more metals, or a metal with another element, to make it stronger or better.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	alloy	alloy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	mixing	mix	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
9	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	9	conj	_	_
12	metals	metal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	19	det	_	_
19	element	element	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	parataxis	_	_
23	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	obj	_	_
24	stronger	strong	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	22	xcomp	_	_
25	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	24	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a alloy | a metal |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | a metal *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **mix** | gerund |  | two metals |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent metal=Patient |
| 4 | **make** | to-infinitive | a metal with another element | alloy |  |  |  | strong *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material it=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Alloy wheels are car wheels made of a light metal alloy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:alloy:m2:1
# text = Alloy wheels are car wheels made of a light metal alloy.
1	Alloy	alloy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	wheels	wheel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	wheels	wheel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	alloy	alloy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Alloy wheels | car wheels |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | car wheels *not said here* |  |  |  | of a metal alloy | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To alloy means to mix metals together to make an alloy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:alloy:m3:1
# text = To alloy means to mix metals together to make an alloy.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	alloy	alloy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	mix	mix	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	metals	metal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	together	together	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
10	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	alloy	alloy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **alloy** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **mix** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | metals |  |  |  | together *property* | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent metal=Patient |
| 4 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | a alloy |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset alloy=Product |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:alloy:x1:1
# text = Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon.
1	Steel	steel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	alloy	alloy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	iron	iron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	carbon	carbon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Steel | a alloy |  |  |  | of iron and carbon | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:alloy:x2:1
# text = Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin.
1	Bronze	bronze	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	alloy	alloy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	copper	copper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	tin	tin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Bronze | a alloy |  |  |  | of copper and tin | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Coins are usually made of alloys.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:alloy:x3:1
# text = Coins are usually made of alloys.
1	Coins	coin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	alloys	alloy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | Coins |  |  |  | of alloys; usually *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad's car has shiny alloy wheels.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:alloy:x4:1
# text = Dad's car has shiny alloy wheels.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	shiny	shiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	alloy	alloy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	wheels	wheel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Dad's car | shiny alloy wheels |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wheel=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Alloys can be harder than pure metals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:alloy:x5:1
# text = Alloys can be harder than pure metals.
1	Alloys	alloy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	cop	_	_
4	harder	hard	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
5	than	than	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	pure	pure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	metals	metal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | can | Alloys |  |  |  |  | than pure metals; hard *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Bronze Age began when people learned to make a new alloy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:alloy:x6:1
# text = The Bronze Age began when people learned to make a new alloy.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Bronze	Bronze	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Age	Age	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
6	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	learned	learn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	alloy	alloy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | the Bronze Age |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **learn** | past | people |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **make** | to-infinitive | people *not said here* | a new alloy |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset alloy=Product |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [allowance](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/allowance/)
- next →: [allude](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/allude/)
- ↑ back to [A in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/)