---
title: amygdala — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «amygdala» in the school dictionary: The amygdala is a small almond-shaped part deep inside the brain that helps us feel and react to emotions, especially fear. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# amygdala

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** amygdala, brain, us, you, Deep breathing, Scientists · **What happens:** shape, be, help, feel, react, see · **To what, where:** small shaped part, brain, us, you, danger, amygdala

<!-- .vabout -->
«amygdala» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [amygdala in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/amygdala.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The amygdala is a small almond-shaped part deep inside the brain that helps us feel and react to emotions, especially fear.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:amygdala:m1:1
# text = The amygdala is a small almond-shaped part deep inside the brain that helps us feel and react to emotions, especially fear.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	amygdala	amygdala	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
5	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
6	almond	almond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	shaped	shape	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	amod	_	_
9	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	deep	deep	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
11	inside	inside	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	brain	brain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
15	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
16	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	feel	feel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	xcomp	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	react	react	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	conj	_	_
20	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	emotions	emotion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
24	fear	fear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shape** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 2 | **is a** | present | the amygdala | a small shaped part |  | the brain |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **help** | present | the brain | us |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent we=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 4 | **feel** | infinitive | us *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 5 | **react** | infinitive | us *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to emotions and fear | vn respond-113 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to emotion=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The amygdala helps you feel scared when you see danger.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:amygdala:x1:1
# text = The amygdala helps you feel scared when you see danger.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	amygdala	amygdala	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	feel	feel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	scared	scared	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	see	see	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
10	danger	danger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | the amygdala | you |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent you=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 2 | **feel** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | scared *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 3 | **see** | present | you | danger |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer danger=Stimulus |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your amygdala reacts before you even think.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:amygdala:x2:1
# text = Your amygdala reacts before you even think.
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	amygdala	amygdala	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	reacts	react	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	even	even	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	think	think	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **react** | present | Your amygdala |  |  |  |  |  | vn respond-113 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **think** *speech: other* | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Deep breathing helps calm the amygdala.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:amygdala:x3:1
# text = Deep breathing helps calm the amygdala.
1	Deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	breathing	breathing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	calm	calm	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	amygdala	amygdala	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Deep breathing |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **calm** | infinitive | Deep breathing *not said here* | the amygdala |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus amygdala=Experiencer |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The amygdala is shaped like an almond.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:amygdala:x4:1
# text = The amygdala is shaped like an almond.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	amygdala	amygdala	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	shaped	shape	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	like	like	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	almond	almond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shape** | present · passive |  | the amygdala |  |  |  | like a almond | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each brain has two amygdalae, one on each side.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:amygdala:x5:1
# text = Each brain has two amygdalae, one on each side.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	brain	brain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	amygdalae	amygdalae	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	appos	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
10	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | each brain | two amygdalae |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent amygdalae=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Scientists study the amygdala to understand fear.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:amygdala:x6:1
# text = Scientists study the amygdala to understand fear.
1	Scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	study	study	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	amygdala	amygdala	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	understand	understand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	fear	fear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **study** | present | Scientists | the amygdala |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent amygdala=Topic |
| 2 | **understand** | to-infinitive | Scientists *not said here* | fear |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer fear=Stimulus |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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