---
title: an — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «an» in the school dictionary: An is a small word used before a word that starts with a vowel sound, like an apple, an egg or an hour. It means one. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# an

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** word, an, this, formal writers, Sam, car · **What happens:** be, use, start, mean, swallow, turn · **To what, where:** small word, one, per, rates, quick talk, a

<!-- .vabout -->
«an» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 13 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [an in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/an.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An is a small word used before a word that starts with a vowel sound, like an apple, an egg or an hour. It means one.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* An is a small word used before a word that starts with a vowel sound, like an apple, an egg or an hour.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:an:m1:1
# text = An is a small word used before a word that starts with a vowel sound, like an apple, an egg or an hour.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	before	before	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
11	starts	start	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	vowel	vowel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	like	like	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	apple	apple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	egg	egg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
23	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
24	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | a small word |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  | a small word *not said here* |  |  | before a word |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **start** | present | a word |  |  |  |  | with a vowel sound and a apple and a egg or a hour | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V PP.subeventuality»: agent=Eventuality with sound=Subeventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* It means one.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:an:m1:2
# text = It means one.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | word | one |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Topic |

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In rates «an» means each or per: «60 km an hour», «5 dollars an hour».

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:an:m2:1
# text = In rates «an» means each or per: «60 km an hour», «5 dollars an hour».
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	rates	rate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
3	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	per	per	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	60	60	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
13	km	km	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	parataxis	_	_
14	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	20	nummod	_	_
20	dollars	dollar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	appos	_	_
21	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | an | each per |  | rates |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: casual — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In quick talk «an» is often swallowed or turned into «a»: «a apple» is heard but wrong in writing.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:an:m3:1
# text = In quick talk «an» is often swallowed or turned into «a»: «a apple» is heard but wrong in writing.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	quick	quick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	talk	talk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
8	often	often	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	swallowed	swallow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	turned	turn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	conj	_	_
12	into	into	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
17	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	apple	apple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	19	punct	_	_
21	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux:pass	_	_
22	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	conj	_	_
23	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	conj	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	writing	writing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swallow** | present · passive |  |  |  | quick talk  an |  | often *property* | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V» |
| 2 | **turn** | participle |  |  |  | a |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into a=Trajectory |
| 3 | **hear** | present · passive |  | a apple |  | writing |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: casual — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«'n'» or «an'» is a clipped «and»: «fish 'n' chips», «me an' him»; this is a different word.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:an:m4:1
# text = «'n'» or «an'» is a clipped «and»: «fish 'n' chips», «me an' him»; this is a different word.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	'n	'n	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	clipped	clip	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
17	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	parataxis	_	_
19	'n	'n	SYM	SYM	_	21	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	19	punct	_	_
21	chips	chip	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	18	parataxis	_	_
26	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	28	punct	_	_
28	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	35	punct	_	_
31	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	35	nsubj	_	_
32	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	35	cop	_	_
33	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
34	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **clip** | present · passive |  | 'n |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | this | a different word |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal, old — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some formal writers still use «an» before a sounded h: «an historic day», «an hotel».

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:an:m5:1
# text = Some formal writers still use «an» before a sounded h: «an historic day», «an hotel».
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	3	det	_	_
2	formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	writers	writer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	still	still	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
9	before	before	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	sounded	sound	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	amod	_	_
12	h	H	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
14	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	historic	historic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	hotel	hotel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | some formal writers | an |  |  | before a sounded h; still; day |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent a=Patient |
| 2 | **sound** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sam has an apple and 3 pears.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:an:x1:1
# text = Sam has an apple and 3 pears.
1	Sam	Sam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	apple	apple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	pears	pear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Sam | a apple and 3 pears |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent apple=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A car goes 60 kilometres an hour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:an:x2:1
# text = A car goes 60 kilometres an hour.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	60	60	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	kilometres	kilometre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | present | a car | 60 kilometres  a hour |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She earns 5 dollars an hour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:an:x3:1
# text = She earns 5 dollars an hour.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	earns	earn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	dollars	dollar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **earn** | present | She | 5 dollars  a hour |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dollar=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An egg costs 20 cents.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:an:x4:1
# text = An egg costs 20 cents.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	egg	egg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	costs	cost	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	cents	cent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cost** | present | a egg | 20 cents |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme cent=Value |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An elephant is the biggest land animal.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:an:x5:1
# text = An elephant is the biggest land animal.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	elephant	elephant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	biggest	big	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	7	amod	_	_
6	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a elephant | the biggest land animal |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We waited for an hour and a half.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:an:x6:1
# text = We waited for an hour and a half.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	waited	wait	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wait** | past | We |  |  |  | hour |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An owl lived in the tree; the owl hooted all night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:an:x7:1
# text = An owl lived in the tree; the owl hooted all night.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	owl	owl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	owl	owl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	hooted	hoot	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	12	det	_	_
12	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | past | a owl |  |  | the tree |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in tree=Location |
| 2 | **hoot** | past | the owl |  |  |  | night |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is an honour to meet you.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:an:x8:1
# text = It is an honour to meet you.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	honour	honour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	meet	meet	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a honour |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **meet** | to-infinitive |  | you |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Co-Agent |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
been waiting like an hr, where r u (casual)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:an:x9:1
# text = been waiting like an hr, where r u (casual)
1	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	2	aux	_	_
2	waiting	wait	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	like	like	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	hr	HR	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	11	advmod	_	_
8	r	r	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
9	u	you	PRON	PRP	Abbr=Yes|Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	casual	casual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wait** | participle · progressive |  |  |  |  |  | like a hr | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
5 bucks an hour?? that's a rip-off (casual)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:an:x10:1
# text = 5 bucks an hour?? that's a rip-off (casual)
1	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bucks	buck	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	??	??	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	rip	rip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	off	off	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	_
12	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	casual	casual	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buck** | present | 5 |  |  |  | hour |  | vn body\_internal\_motion-49.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | that | a rip off and casual |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An 8 and an 18 are both even.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:an:x11:1
# text = An 8 and an 18 are both even.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	8	8	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	18	18	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nsubj	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	both	both	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	even	even	ADV	RB	_	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a 18 |  |  |  |  | both, even *property* | tree rules |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Remuneration is at a rate of 5 dollars per hour; compute the earnings for a period of 6 hours. (formal exam)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Remuneration is at a rate of 5 dollars per hour; compute the earnings for a period of 6 hours.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:an:x12:1
# text = Remuneration is at a rate of 5 dollars per hour; compute the earnings for a period of 6 hours.
1	Remuneration	remuneration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	rate	rate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	dollars	dollar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
9	per	per	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	compute	compute	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	earnings	earning	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
15	for	for	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	period	period	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	20	nummod	_	_
20	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Remuneration |  |  | a rate |  | of 5 dollars per hour | tree rules |
| 2 | **compute** | infinitive |  | the earnings |  |  |  | for a period of 6 hours | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent earning=Result for period=Beneficiary |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (formal exam)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:an:x12:2
# text = (formal exam)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	exam	exam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then an idea came to him.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:an:x13:1
# text = Then an idea came to him.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | a idea |  | him *= he* |  | then |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to he=Initial\_Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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