---
title: anaesthesia — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «anaesthesia» in the school dictionary: Using medicine so a person feels no pain during an operation, either by putting them to sleep (general) or numbing one part (local). Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# anaesthesia

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Using, She, dentist, tooth, General anaesthesia, anaesthetist · **What happens:** use, feel, put, sleep, numb, have out · **To what, where:** medicine, pain, them, one part, tonsils, anaesthesia

<!-- .vabout -->
«anaesthesia» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [anaesthesia in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/anaesthesia.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: medicine — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Using medicine so a person feels no pain during an operation, either by putting them to sleep (general) or numbing one part (local).

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:anaesthesia:m1:1
# text = Using medicine so a person feels no pain during an operation, either by putting them to sleep (general) or numbing one part (local).
1	Using	use	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	csubj	_	_
2	medicine	medicine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
3	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	feels	feel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	8	det	_	_
8	pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	during	during	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	operation	operation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	either	either	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc:preconj	_	_
14	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
15	putting	put	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
16	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	sleep	sleep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	xcomp	_	_
19	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	general	general	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	20	punct	_	_
22	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	numbing	numb	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	15	conj	_	_
24	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	25	nummod	_	_
25	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	_
26	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	local	local	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | gerund |  | medicine |  |  |  | so a person | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent medicine=Patient |
| 2 | **feel** | present | Using | no pain |  |  | during a operation |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pain=Theme |
| 3 | **put** | gerund | Using *not said here* | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **sleep** | to-infinitive | Using *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **numb** | gerund | Using *not said here* | one part |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus part=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A loss of feeling in the body.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:anaesthesia:m2:1
# text = A loss of feeling in the body.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	loss	loss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She had her tonsils out under anaesthesia.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:anaesthesia:x1:1
# text = She had her tonsils out under anaesthesia.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	tonsils	tonsil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	out	out	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
6	under	under	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	anaesthesia	anaesthesia	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have out** | past | She | her tonsils |  | anaesthesia |  | out *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tonsil=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dentist used local anaesthesia, so my tooth went numb.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:anaesthesia:x2:1
# text = The dentist used local anaesthesia, so my tooth went numb.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dentist	dentist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	local	local	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	anaesthesia	anaesthesia	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
8	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	tooth	tooth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	numb	numb	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | the dentist | local anaesthesia |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anaesthesia=Patient |
| 2 | **go** | past | my tooth |  |  |  |  | numb *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Anaesthesia was first used in surgery in the 1840s.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:anaesthesia:x3:1
# text = Anaesthesia was first used in surgery in the 1840s.
1	Anaesthesia	Anaesthesia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	4	advmod	_	_
4	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	surgery	surgery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	1840s	1840	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past · passive |  | Anaesthesia |  | surgery |  | in the 1840s; first *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
General anaesthesia puts you into a deep sleep.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:anaesthesia:x4:1
# text = General anaesthesia puts you into a deep sleep.
1	General	general	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	anaesthesia	anaesthesia	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	puts	put	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | present | General anaesthesia |  | you | a deep sleep |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent you=Goal |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An anaesthetist watches you during anaesthesia.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:anaesthesia:x5:1
# text = An anaesthetist watches you during anaesthesia.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	anaesthetist	anaesthetist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	watches	watch	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	during	during	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	anaesthesia	anaesthesia	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **watch** | present | a anaesthetist | you |  |  | during anaesthesia |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After anaesthesia, you may feel sleepy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:anaesthesia:x6:1
# text = After anaesthesia, you may feel sleepy.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	anaesthesia	anaesthesia	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	feel	feel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	sleepy	sleepy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | may | you |  |  |  | after anaesthesia | sleepy *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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